Comparative Efficacy of Syzygium Cumini Seed Extracts in Alleviating Arsenic-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Blood Cell Genotoxicity in Wistar Albino Rats

Abstract

Syzygium cumini is well known for its medicinal values in the indigenous Indian system of medicine. This study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of methanolic (SCM), ethanolic (SCE) and aqueous (SCA) extracts of Syzygium cumini seeds on arsenic-induced blood cell genotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in Wistar albino rats. Rats were divided into five groups: (1) control, (2) arsenic, (3) SCM, (4) SCE and (5) SCA. After completion of 60 days treatment period, comet assays were performed on isolated blood lymphocytes and serum marker assays indicative of hepatic toxicity were carried out. Arsenic exposed rats expressed significantly higher DNA damage in their lymphocytes than the unexposed rats. Increased activities of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and decreased levels of total proteins were observed in arsenic exposed rats. Simultaneous administration of Syzygium cumini seed extracts significantly decreased the arsenic-induced DNA damage and hepatotoxicity. The amelioration of arsenic toxicity was more pronounced with methanolic extract compared to ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Syzygium cumini seeds.

Ethanol extract of Vitellaria paradoxa (Gaertn, F) leaves protects against sodium arsenite - induced toxicity in male wistar rats

“…Our findings revealed that SA increased ALT and ALP activities in rats. This finding corroborates previous reports in which SA increased the activities of these enzymes in the blood of animals [ 32 , [46] , [47] , [48] , [49] ]. However, co-administration of SA with ELVp restored AST, ALT and ALP activities comparable with control.…”

Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from Syzygium cumini leaves and their potential effects on odontogenic pathogens and biofilms

“…Furthermore, the protective effect of the methanolic extract of S. cumini seeds on the arsenic-induced genotoxicity and hepatotoxicity was also evaluated in albino Wistar rats (Kumar and Thakur, 2018). The oral administration of this extract led to normalization of biochemical variables altered by the action of arsenic [e.g., serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total concentrations of protein and bilirubin], and significantly restored the activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants of cells [e.g., lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH)].…”

Effects of Xinjierkang on Nrf2/HO-1 expression in viral myocarditis mice models

“…), reduces the production of reactive oxygen and peroxide end products MDA, and counteracts oxidative stress (21)(22). Finding natural compounds that have anti-oxidative effects to neutralized oxidative stress is on demand (23). As oxidative stress plays an important contribution in variety diseases such as heart diseases (24).…”