Comparative efficacy of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) vaccines

Saravanan, P.; Balamurugan, V.; Rajak, Kaushal Kishor; Bhanuprakash, V.; Palaniswami, K. S.; Nachimuthu, K.; Thangavelu, A.; Raj, Gopal Dhinakar; Hegde, Raveendra; Singh, Raj Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.biologicals.2010.02.003

Cited by 77 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…For the control of PPR, live attenuated vaccines with Nigeria 75/1 (lineage I) and Indian strains (lineage IV) are commercially available (Saravanan et al, 2010). Vaccinated animals develop an antibody response that cannot be distinguished serologically from that produced after natural infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic analysis of peste des petits ruminants virus from outbreaks in Turkey during 2008–2012

Guler¹,

Şevik²,

Hasöksüz³

2014

Turk J Biol

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Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an important viral disease of sheep and goats and is endemic in all regions of Turkey. In this study, PPR virus infection was investigated by RT-PCR assay based on the fusion (F) gene in PPR-suspected sheep and goat samples. PPR virus RNA was detected in 65 small ruminants (51 sheep, 14 goats) from independent outbreaks during [2008][2009][2010][2011][2012] in provinces in the central and Mediterranean regions and the central-west part of the Aegean region in Turkey. The virus was detected in an aborted sheep fetus sample by RT-PCR, and diagnosis was also confirmed by virus isolation. Vaccine strain Nigeria 75/1 was differentiated from field isolates by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of RT-PCR products using EcoRI. Phylogenetic analysis of 16 viruses indicated that all viruses, including the one from the aborted sheep fetus, belonged to lineage IV, as had the PPR viruses previously isolated in Turkey. Nucleotide sequence identity among 16 viruses was 99.1%-100%. Results showed that PPR virus lineage IV has been in circulation in Turkey since the first detection of the disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic analysis of peste des petits ruminants virus from outbreaks in Turkey during 2008–2012

Guler¹,

Şevik²,

Hasöksüz³

2014

Turk J Biol

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“…While these observations may be attributed to the fact that all the MAb's were produced against Sungri strain, the patterns cannot be generalized since other MAb's to HN and P proteins react better to Arasur strain, supporting antigenic relatedness between the two strains [30]. In a recent study, the Arasur and Sungri strains were compared for immunogenicity and protection in sheep and goats of the sub-Himalayan region and the adjoining plains of North India [22]. Seropositivity as assessed by c-ELISA varied but the animals were protected against challenge with either strain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By contrast, we used sheep and goats in farms or villages without relocating them, and did not perform challenge studies as this could pose the risk of spread of virulent virus. The two challenge strains used by Saravanan et al [22] differed in virulence: the Sungri strain was highly virulent, producing severe clinical signs by day seven followed by death whereas Arasur strain was moderately virulent, producing mild clinical signs by day nine followed by recovery. Moreover, for challenge, 10 % spleen suspension from infected animals was used without titrating, and prepared at passages seven and 75, respectively, for Sungri and Arasur strains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative immunogenicity of two peste des petitis ruminants (PPR) vaccines in South Indian sheep and goats under field conditions

et al. 2013

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Peste des petitis ruminants (PPR) is an economically important endemic viral disease of sheep and goats in India, where several different homologous PPR vaccine candidates have been developed. We evaluated the serological response to two vaccine strains, Arasur/87 and Sungri/96, in South Indian cross-bred and native sheep and goats reared under organized and unorganized settings. Animals seronegative (percent inhibition or PI \40) by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA) were immunized with either of the vaccine strains or placebo. Sera collected on 21, 60 and 90 days post-vaccination were subjected to c-ELISA and serum neutralization test (SNT). Seropositivity (PI [40), seroconversion (fourfold increase in SNT titres) and seroprotection (SNT titre of C8 deemed to be protective) ranged from 66.7 to 84.0 %, 56.0 to 69.2 %, and 60.0 to 76.0 %, respectively. However, no significant difference was observed between responses to the two vaccine strains. These results support the premise that the two vaccine strains are equally efficacious.

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“…A number of vaccine manufacturers in Africa and the Middle East produce vaccines based on the original Nigeria 75/1 vaccine, and their effectiveness has been tested in several studies Intizar et al, 2009;Saravanan et al, 2010). Several African, Middle Eastern and Asian (India, China) laboratories produce the PPR vaccine, although it should be submitted to external quality control before its use in vaccination campaigns.…”

Section: Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on peste des petits ruminants

2015

EFSA Journal

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Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a severe viral disease of small ruminants caused by a Morbillivirus closely related to rinderpest virus. It is widespread in Africa and Asia and is currently also found in Turkey and Northern Africa. PPR is transmitted via direct contact, and the disease would mainly be transferred to infection-free areas by transport of infected animals. In the EU, it could only happen through illegal transport of animals. The risk of that depends on the prevalence in the country of origin and the number of animals illegally moved. The extent of the spread would depend mainly on the time during which it is undetected, the farm density, the frequency and distance of travel of animals. PPR has a high within-herd transmission rate, therefore contacts between flocks, e.g. through common grazing areas, should be avoided when PPR is present. If PPR enters EU areas with dense sheep population but low goat density, it may spread rapidly undetected, since goats are considered more susceptible than sheep. Effective measures in limiting the spread of PPR in the EU include prompt culling of infected herds, rapid detection, movement restriction, and disinfection. Live attenuated vaccines against PPR are available, safe and effective, and have been successfully used to control PPR epidemics, but no method exists for differentiating between infected and vaccinated animals; therefore, the development of one is recommended. Awareness-raising campaigns for farmers and veterinary staff to promote recognition of the disease should be considered. The cooperation of the EU with neighbouring countries should be encouraged to prevent the spread of PPR and other transboundary diseases. In particular, EFSA was asked to (i) characterise the disease and provide an update on the global occurrence of PPR and changes in the distribution during the last 10 years; (ii) map the region of concern and other countries of the Mediterranean Basin and Black Sea, displaying identified, or likely, major live animal trade routes; (iii) evaluate all possible pathways of introduction of PPR into the EU, ranking them on the basis of their level of risk, with a view to enhancing preparedness and prevention; (iv) assess the risk of introduction and speed of propagation of PPR into the EU and neighbouring countries; (v) assess the risk of PPR becoming endemic in animal populations in the EU; (vi) assess the impact PPR would have if it were to enter the EU, considering different scenarios as regards the effectiveness of surveillance and control measures; and (vii) review the feasibility, availability and effectiveness of the main disease prevention and control measures (diagnostic tools, biosecurity measures, restrictions on movement, culling). © EuropeanRegarding disease characterisation, the AHAW Panel reported that PPR is a severe viral disease of small ruminants caused by a Morbillivirus closely related to rinderpest virus. It is widespread in Africa, the Middle East and Southern Asia. It is one of the priority animal diseases wh...

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Comparative efficacy of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) vaccines

Cited by 77 publications

References 17 publications

Phylogenetic analysis of peste des petits ruminants virus from outbreaks in Turkey during 2008–2012

Phylogenetic analysis of peste des petits ruminants virus from outbreaks in Turkey during 2008–2012

Comparative immunogenicity of two peste des petitis ruminants (PPR) vaccines in South Indian sheep and goats under field conditions

Scientific Opinion on peste des petits ruminants

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