Comparative Effects of Fission Neutron and X Irradiation on 7.5-Day Mouse Embryos

Majo, V. Di; Ballardin, E.; Metalli, P.

doi:10.2307/3575548

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This developmental period, which in mice occurs approximately from E7.5 to E9, starts at the neural plate, and encompasses neural plate invagination, neural fold fusion and finally formation of the NT. Our findings confirmed that exposure to ionizing radiation during neurulation resulted in NTDs and EDs, as was also suggested by others (Baatout et al, ; Di Majo, Ballardin, & Metalli, ), and expanded on this knowledge through a more detailed analysis on the most radiosensitive stage.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This finding is in line with a previous study in which pregnant mice were exposed to X‐rays at E7.5, showing multiple defects in the exposed fetuses. For example, exencephaly and anophthalmia often coincided with malformations of the jaw (Di Majo et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This finding is in contrast to a study of Russel, who described no statistically proven link between exencephaly and irradiation during neurulation, but is in line with another study that also identified E7.5 as being more prone to radiation‐induced exencephaly. Yet, since exencephaly is thought to primarily arise from anomalous NT closure, which can be observed around E9 (Copp, ; Yamaguchi & Miura, ), the heightened risk to develop exencephaly after E7.5 irradiation was unexpected (Di Majo et al, ). A number of hypotheses can be put forward to explain this high radiosensitivity after E7.5 irradiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A detailed characterization of congenital defects and mortality following moderate X‐ray doses during neurulation

Craenen

Verslegers

Buset

et al. 2017

Birth Defects Research

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Background Both epidemiological and animal studies have previously indicated a link between in utero radiation exposure and birth defects such as microphthalmos, anophthalmos, and exencephaly. However, detailed knowledge on embryonic radiosensitivity during different stages of neurulation is limited, especially in terms of neural tube defect and eye defect development. Methods To assess the most radiosensitive stage during neurulation, pregnant C57BL6/J mice were X‐irradiated (0.5 Gy or 1.0 Gy) at embryonic days (E)7, E7.5, E8, E8.5, or E9. Next, the fetuses were scored macroscopically for various defects and prenatal resorptions/deaths were counted. In addition, cranial skeletal development was ascertained using the alcian‐alizarin method. Furthermore, postnatal/young adult survival was followed until 5 weeks (W5) of age, after X‐irradiation at E7.5 (0.1 Gy, 0.5 Gy, or 1.0 Gy). In addition, body and brain weights were registered at adult age (W10) following X‐ray exposure at E7.5 (0.1 Gy, 0.5 Gy). Results Several malformations, including microphthalmos and exencephaly, were most evident after irradiation at E7.5, with significance starting respectively at 0.5 Gy and 1.0 Gy. Prenatal mortality and weight were significantly affected in all irradiated groups. Long‐term follow‐up of E7.5 irradiated animals revealed a reduction in survival at 5 weeks of age after high dose exposure (1.0 Gy), while lower doses (0.5 Gy, 0.1 Gy) did not affect brain and body weight at postnatal week 10. Conclusions With this study, we gained more insight in radiosensitivity throughout neurulation, and offered a better defined model to further study radiation‐induced malformations and the underlying mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A detailed characterization of congenital defects and mortality following moderate X‐ray doses during neurulation

Craenen

Verslegers

Buset

et al. 2017

Birth Defects Research

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“…These findings coincide with data of DiMajo et al [4] after exposure to 250 kV X-rays on day 7.5. On the other hand, the authors observed a higher incidence of postimplantation losses induced by fission neutrons at 46.5 rad compared to our experiments with pions.…”

Section: Lethalitysupporting

confidence: 82%

Combined application of misonidazole and piotron pions on mouse embryos

Michel

Cordt-Riehle

Fritz-Niggli

et al. 1983

Radiat Environ Biophys

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Mouse embryos on day 8 of gestation were irradiated with negative pions (12.5-100 rad) or 200 kV X-rays (12.5-150 rad). Misonidazole (MISO), a hypoxic cell radiosensitizer, was applied 30 min before exposure. On day 13 the fetuses were examined for lethality, growth retardation and malformation. No significant embryolethal effects were observed after irradiation alone in the dose range of 12.5-100 rad (X-rays or pions). However, MISO alone and in combination with radiation led to high rates of lethality. The frequency of growth retardation was significantly increased at 100 rad and in combined treatments at low radiation doses. MISO and irradiation with 50 rad and more induced complex damages consisting of multiple and severe malformations and growth retardation. The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for teratogenic effects was 1.6. In conclusion, the combined application of MISO and radiation of different LET revealed a strong enhancing action compared to single treatments. The extent of enhancement depends on both radiation quality and dose.

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“…Ionizing radiations such as X-rays [1–4] and γ-rays [5, 6] inhibit normal animal development and the proliferation and differentiation of various cell types. However, the effects of high-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation on the prenatal and postnatal development of animals have not been fully studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of low-dose heavy ions on embryonic development in mice and on melanocyte differentiation in the epidermis and hair bulb

Hirobe¹,

Eguchi-Kasai²,

Sugaya³

et al. 2012

Journal of Radiation Research

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The effects of prenatal low-dose irradiation with heavy ions on embryonic development in mice and on melanocyte differentiation are not well understood. We performed whole-body irradiation of pregnant C57BL/10J mice at embryonic Day 9 (E9) with a single dose of γ-rays, silicon, argon or iron ions. The number of living embryos and embryonic body weight at E18 decreased after exposure to heavy ions at high doses. Malformations such as small eyes and limb anomalies were observed in heavy-ion-treated embryos, but not in γ-ray-treated embryos. The frequency of abnormally curved tails was increased by exposure to γ-rays and argon and iron ions even at a dose of 0.1 Gy (P < 0.05). In contrast, a dose-dependent decrease in the number of epidermal melanoblasts/melanocytes and hair bulb melanocytes was observed after 0.1 Gy irradiation with γ-rays or heavy ions (P < 0.01). The decrease in the number of dorsal hair bulb melanocytes, dorsal and ventral epidermal melanoblasts/melanocytes and ventral hair bulb melanocytes was not necessarily correlated with the linear energy transfer of the radiation tested. Moreover, the effects of heavy ions were larger on the ventral skin than on the dorsal skin, indicating that the sensitivity of melanocytes to heavy ions differs between the dorsal and ventral skin. Taken together, these results suggest that the effects of the low-dose heavy ions differ between cell types and tissues, and the effects on the prenatal development of mice and melanocyte development are not necessarily greater than those of γ-rays.

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Comparative Effects of Fission Neutron and X Irradiation on 7.5-Day Mouse Embryos

Cited by 20 publications

References 9 publications

A detailed characterization of congenital defects and mortality following moderate X‐ray doses during neurulation

A detailed characterization of congenital defects and mortality following moderate X‐ray doses during neurulation

Combined application of misonidazole and piotron pions on mouse embryos

Effects of low-dose heavy ions on embryonic development in mice and on melanocyte differentiation in the epidermis and hair bulb

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