Comparative Effects of Feeding Different Fats on Fatty Acid Composition of Major Individual Phospholipids of Rat Hearts

Ruiz-Gutiérrez, V.; Molina, Marı́a Teresa; Vázquez, Carmen M.

doi:10.1159/000177609

Cited by 36 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…It is known that the degree of unsaturation of dietary oil influences the fatty acid composition of cells, fundamentally in the phospholipids of the cell membrane (Ruiz-Gutiérrez et al 1990, and OO feeding leads to changes in lipid metabolism of the vascular compartment that could be favourable in the prevention of thrombosis and atherosclerosis (Navarro et al 1992). We wanted to verify that the same changes occurred with regard to endothelial function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary oleic-rich oils (virgin olive and high-oleic-acid sunflower) on vascular reactivity in Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats

Herrera

Pérez‐Guerrero²,

Marhuenda³

et al. 2001

Br J Nutr

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The effects of two monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA)-rich diets, containing virgin olive oil (OO) and high-oleic-acid sunflower oil (HOSO), on development of vascular response from isolated thoracic rat aorta and lipid composition and fatty acid composition were studied and compared with samples from rats fed on a control diet. Dietary MUFA oils were fed for 6 weeks to spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and Wistar -Kyoto (WKY) rats from 4 weeks of age. The maximum contraction of aortic ring preparations in response to phenylephrine (10 26 m) was significantly decreased in SHR rats fed with OO (0 : 81 (sem 0 : 05) v. 1 : 18 (sem 0 : 09) g, P , 0 : 01Þ and treatment with HOSO did not alter the phenylephrine-induced contractions. The relaxant responses to acetylcholine (10 25 m) were significantly enhanced (30 : 03 (sem 0 : 70) v. 18 : 47 (sem 0 : 28) %, P , 0 : 001Þ in the rings from SHR rats treated with OO, and were more pronounced than in WKY rats ðP , 0 : 05Þ: In the same way, OO attenuated the dose -response curves induced by phenylephrine (10 28 -10 25 m) from SHR rats, accompained with a slower contraction. These results suggest that only the chronic feeding of OO diet was able to attenuate the vascular response of rat aorta. In addition, an increase in phospholipid content (186 : 7 (sd 3 : 2) v. 159 : 1 (sd 11 : 3) g/kg, P , 0 : 01Þ and changes in the fatty acid composition of aorta (mainly a decrease in arachidonic acid) could contribute to improving endothelial function. Therefore, the effects can not be attributed exclusively to the content of MUFA (mainly oleic acid). Other components of OO, such as polyphenols, not present in HOSO, may help to explain the vascular protective effect of OO consumption.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary oleic-rich oils (virgin olive and high-oleic-acid sunflower) on vascular reactivity in Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats

Herrera

Pérez‐Guerrero²,

Marhuenda³

et al. 2001

Br J Nutr

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“…Thus, all diets provided sufficient vitamins, minerals, essential amino acids, and lipids. Corn oil was the UFA source (21,22). We used a mixture of 220 mL corn oil and 30 mL coconut oil per 1000 g of rat chow (23).…”

Section: Diet Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

<a name="home"></a>Effect of unsaturated fatty acids on myocardial performance, metabolism and morphology

Pinotti

Silva

Sugizaki

et al. 2006

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Diets rich in saturated fatty acids are one of the most important causes of atherosclerosis in men, and have been replaced with diets rich in unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) for the prevention of this disorder. However, the effect of UFA on myocardial performance, metabolism and morphology has not been completely characterized. The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the effects of a UFA-rich diet on cardiac muscle function, oxidative stress, and morphology. Sixty-day-old male Wistar rats were fed a control (N = 8) or a UFArich diet (N = 8) for 60 days. Myocardial performance was studied in isolated papillary muscle by isometric and isotonic contractions under basal conditions after calcium chloride (5.2 mM) and ß-adrenergic stimulation with 1.0 µM isoproterenol. Fragments of the left ventricle free wall were used to study oxidative stress and were analyzed by light microscopy, and the myocardial ultrastructure was examined in left ventricle papillary muscle. After 60 days the UFA-rich diet did not change myocardial function. However, it caused high lipid hydroperoxide (176 ± 5 vs 158 ± 5, P < 0.0005) and low catalase (7 ± 1 vs 9 ± 1, P < 0.005) and superoxide-dismutase (18 ± 2 vs 27 ± 5, P < 0.005) levels, and discrete morphological changes in UFA-rich diet hearts such as lipid deposits and mitochondrial membrane alterations compared to control rats. These data show that a UFA-rich diet caused myocardial oxidative stress and mild structural alterations, but did not change mechanical function.

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“…Dietary fish oil increases n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (mainly docosahexaenoic acid, but also eicosapentaenoic acid) in the heart [8,20,24], liver [12] and blood [5] at the detriment of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (arachidonic acid, 22:4 n-6 and 22:5 n-6). These changes in membrane lipid composition can influence the biochemical and physiological functions of the organs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids on contractile function of hearts isolated from sedentary and trained rats

Demaison

Blet²,

Sergiel

et al. 2000

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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-Moderate physical training induced a decrease in arterial blood pressure in fish oil-fed rats as compared to sunflower seed oil-fed rats [14]. The purpose of this study was to determine if these changes were due to modifications of the left ventricular function of the heart. Forty rats were fed a semi-purified diet containing either 10% sunflower seed oil or 10% fish oil (EPAX 3000TG, Pronova). Each dietary group was assigned to two sub-groups, one being constituted by sedentary animals and the other by trained animals. Training was achieved by daily running for 60 minutes at moderate intensity for three weeks. At the end of the training period, the animals were sacrificed and their hearts were immediately perfused according to the working mode. The phospholipid fatty acid composition and parameters of the left ventricular function were determined. Feeding fish oil markedly reduced the proportion of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA, 18:2 n-6, 20:4 n-6, 22:4 n-6 and 22:5 n-6) in cardiac phospholipids. The n-6 PUFA were replaced by n-3 PUFA (mainly docosahexaenoic acid). In sedentary animals, the fluid dynamic (aortic and coronary flow, cardiac output) was not modified by the diet. The heart rate was reduced (-10%) in n-3 PUFA-rich hearts. Physical training did not markedly alter the polyunsaturated fatty acid profile of cardiac phospholipids. Conversely, it reduced the heart rate, aortic flow and cardiac output (-11, -21 and -14%, respectively) at a similar extent in the two dietary groups. In a second set of experiments, the training period was repeated in animals fed a commercially available diet (A103, UAR) which simultaneously provided n-6 and n-3 fatty acids. In these dietary conditions, neither the aortic flow nor the heart rate was decreased by physical exercise. These results suggest that both n-6 and n-3 PUFA in the diet are necessary to ensure a good cardiac adaptation to moderate physical training. Furthermore, the fish oilinduced decrease in arterial blood pressure in trained animals was not related to changes in cardiac contractility, but to a decrease in vascular resistances. Moderate physical training + dietary n-3 PUFA might be used to prevent hypertension and cardiovascular diseases.dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids / moderate physical training / cardiac function Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 40 (2000) 113-125 113

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Comparative Effects of Feeding Different Fats on Fatty Acid Composition of Major Individual Phospholipids of Rat Hearts

Cited by 36 publications

References 28 publications

Effects of dietary oleic-rich oils (virgin olive and high-oleic-acid sunflower) on vascular reactivity in Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats

Effects of dietary oleic-rich oils (virgin olive and high-oleic-acid sunflower) on vascular reactivity in Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats

<a name="home"></a>Effect of unsaturated fatty acids on myocardial performance, metabolism and morphology

Effect of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids on contractile function of hearts isolated from sedentary and trained rats

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