Comparative effects of carrier proteins on vaccine-induced immune response

Knuf, Markus; Kowalzik, Frank; Kieninger, Dorothee

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.04.053

Cited by 82 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…28 The role of carrier proteins may be of relevance in this context, as previous studies have demonstrated differential immunogenicity in Hib vaccines using diphtheria toxoid or CRM 197 carrier proteins. 29,30 The percentages of subjects with hSBA titers ≥8 were lower against serogroup A than the other serogroups, an observation that has been reported in other studies. 20,23,31,32 Measures of immunogenicity by rSBA after MenACWY-CRM have yielded much higher titers with prolonged persistence of antibodies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Immunogenicity and safety of a CRM-conjugated meningococcal ACWY vaccine administered concomitantly with routine vaccines starting at 2 months of age

Nolan

Nissen

Naz

et al. 2013

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Immunogenicity and safety of a CRM-conjugated meningococcal ACWY vaccine administered concomitantly with routine vaccines starting at 2 months of age

Nolan

Nissen

Naz

et al. 2013

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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“…Isotype switching from IgM to IgG depends on the signals (cytokines and costimulatory molecules) provided by APCs to T cells and then by T cells to B cells. These signals are induced by TT and the adjuvant, since the CPS is not immunostimulatory per se (24,48). The intensity of these signals might vary among individual mice.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These vaccines were named "glycoconjugate vaccines." Since it has been reported that anti-CPS antibodies, if produced, have a high protective potential against infection caused by S. suis (22,23), an interesting strategy for the development of an S. suis type 2 vaccine would be the use of a glycoconjugate vaccine made of CPS coupled to an immunogenic carrier protein, such as tetanus toxoid (TT), diphtheria toxoid, cross-reactive material 197 (CRM 197 ), or many more (24). As a matter of fact, glycoconjugate vaccines are very successful in the fight against encapsulated human pathogens such as Haemophilus influenzae (Hiberix), Neisseria meningitidis (MenACWY), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (PCV13) (20).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection against Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 Infection Using a Capsular Polysaccharide Glycoconjugate Vaccine

et al. 2016

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dStreptococcus suis serotype 2 is an encapsulated bacterium and one of the most important bacterial pathogens in the porcine industry. Despite decades of research for an efficient vaccine, none is currently available. Based on the success achieved with other encapsulated pathogens, a glycoconjugate vaccine strategy was selected to elicit opsonizing anti-capsular polysaccharide (anti-CPS) IgG antibodies. In this work, glycoconjugate prototypes were prepared by coupling S. suis type 2 CPS to tetanus toxoid, and the immunological features of the postconjugation preparations were evaluated in vivo. In mice, experiments evaluating three different adjuvants showed that CpG oligodeoxyribonucleotide (ODN) induces very low levels of anti-CPS IgM antibodies, while the emulsifying adjuvants Stimune and TiterMax Gold both induced high levels of IgGs and IgM. Dose-response trials comparing free CPS with the conjugate vaccine showed that free CPS is nonimmunogenic independently of the dose used, while 25 g of the conjugate preparation was optimal in inducing high levels of anti-CPS IgGs postboost. With an opsonophagocytosis assay using murine whole blood, sera from immunized mice showed functional activity. Finally, the conjugate vaccine showed immunogenicity and induced protection in a swine challenge model. When conjugated and administered with emulsifying adjuvants, S. suis type 2 CPS is able to induce potent IgM and isotype-switched IgGs in mice and pigs, yielding functional activity in vitro and protection against a lethal challenge in vivo, all features of a T cell-dependent response. This study represents a proof of concept for the potential of glycoconjugate vaccines in veterinary medicine applications against invasive bacterial infections.

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“…Moreover, the wide variety of serotypes, which have variable disease-causing effects, and molecular mimicry of some polysaccharides make the development of vaccines very challenging. Strategies to circumvent these limiting factors are the coupling of the polysaccharide structure to a carrier targeting T-cell-dependent responses (T-cell memory) and the use of peptides mimicking immunodominant structures (103,140,142,143). Hot topics in EPS/CPS vaccine development are vaccination strategies against N. meningitidis, H. influenzae type b, and S. pneumoniae (144).…”

Section: Fig 5 Eps and Cps Biosynthesis Pathways (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sweet Tooth of Bacteria: Common Themes in Bacterial Glycoconjugates

Tytgat

Lebeer

2014

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

126

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SUMMARY Humans have been increasingly recognized as being superorganisms, living in close contact with a microbiota on all their mucosal surfaces. However, most studies on the human microbiota have focused on gaining comprehensive insights into the composition of the microbiota under different health conditions (e.g., enterotypes), while there is also a need for detailed knowledge of the different molecules that mediate interactions with the host. Glycoconjugates are an interesting class of molecules for detailed studies, as they form a strain-specific barcode on the surface of bacteria, mediating specific interactions with the host. Strikingly, most glycoconjugates are synthesized by similar biosynthesis mechanisms. Bacteria can produce their major glycoconjugates by using a sequential or an en bloc mechanism, with both mechanistic options coexisting in many species for different macromolecules. In this review, these common themes are conceptualized and illustrated for all major classes of known bacterial glycoconjugates, with a special focus on the rather recently emergent field of glycosylated proteins. We describe the biosynthesis and importance of glycoconjugates in both pathogenic and beneficial bacteria and in both Gram-positive and -negative organisms. The focus lies on microorganisms important for human physiology. In addition, the potential for a better knowledge of bacterial glycoconjugates in the emerging field of glycoengineering and other perspectives is discussed.

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Comparative effects of carrier proteins on vaccine-induced immune response

Cited by 82 publications

References 40 publications

Immunogenicity and safety of a CRM-conjugated meningococcal ACWY vaccine administered concomitantly with routine vaccines starting at 2 months of age

Immunogenicity and safety of a CRM-conjugated meningococcal ACWY vaccine administered concomitantly with routine vaccines starting at 2 months of age

Protection against Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 Infection Using a Capsular Polysaccharide Glycoconjugate Vaccine

The Sweet Tooth of Bacteria: Common Themes in Bacterial Glycoconjugates

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