Comparative effects of a repeated dose regime of diazepam and buspirone on subjective ratings, psychological tests and the EEG

Bond, Alyson J.; Lader, Malcolm; Shrotriya, Rajesh C.

doi:10.1007/bf00609887

Cited by 63 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…According to Krijzer and Van der Molen (1987) BUS induced a pattern of changes similar to that of benzodiazepines, but according to Nickel and Szelenyi (1 989), and as demonstrated by our results, both drugs induce different changes. Studies previously performed in humans using a few leads concluded that in the unlikely event of there being significant changes from placebo, these were not similar to those obtained after benzodiazepine intake (Bond and Lader, 1981;Bond et al, 1983;Murasaki et al, 1989;Pancheri et al, 1990). Recently, Saito et al (1990) who applied multi-lead recordings, described EEG changes after ipsapirone intake, another azaspirone drug.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 42%

Topographic pharmaco‐EEG mapping of increasing doses of buspirone and its comparison with diazepam

Barbanoj

Anderer

Antonijoan

et al. 1994

Human Psychopharmacology

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It has been argued that representative drugs of the main psychopharmacological classes induce similar pharmaco-EEG changes within groups but different changes between groups. The aim of this double-blind, cross-over, placebocontrolled study was to evaluate the effects of single oral doses of buspirone (BUS) 5, 15 and 30 mg in 15 healthy young subjects of both sexes on topographic maps of quantitative phannaco-EEG, using diazepam (DZP) 10 mg as reference compound. Sixteen lead recordings of three-minute vigilance-controlled EEG (V-EEG) and four-minute resting EEG (R-EEG) were assessed at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours after drug intake. EOG activity (vertical and horizontal) was also recorded in order to minimize ocular artifacts before applying an automatic artifact rejection method. MANOVNHotelling T2 maps (multivariate analysis) showed a highly significant differentiation of DZP from placebo from the 1st until the 8th hour all over the brain. After BUS a clear dose-response was observed with effects being greater and longer lasting with increasing doses, the highest showing a peak effect in the 2nd hour which lasted until the 4th hour, mostly in central regions. Maps of drug-induced pharmaco-EEG changes as compared to placebo-induced alterations (univariate analysis) demonstrated typical 'anxiolytic pharmaco-EEG patterns' after DZP, characterized by a decrease of total power, attenuation of alpha activity and augmentation of beta activity, as well as by an increase of the centroid and centroid deviation of the total activity. Furthermore, a decrease of the centroid of the combined delta-theta activity and an increase of the centroid of alpha activity was seen. In contrast, BUS produced an increase of theta activity with an acceleration of the centroid of the combined delta-theta activity, no modification of alpha activity but a slowing down of its centroid and a tendency to reduce beta activity. The centroid of the total activity was also decreased. Although both compounds have proven their ability to reduce anxiety in patients, their different neurophysiological profiles suggest different neurobiological mechanisms of action after acute administration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 42%

Topographic pharmaco‐EEG mapping of increasing doses of buspirone and its comparison with diazepam

Barbanoj

Anderer

Antonijoan

et al. 1994

Human Psychopharmacology

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“…The most common effects of benzodiazepines on EEG power spectras are a decrease of alpha and (more often) an increase of beta activity (Herrmann, 1982 b;Bond et al, 1983;Coppola and Herrmann, 1987;Saletu et al, 1988). In a simple arousal framework this effect seems to be paradoxical since these EEG changes are considered as signs of increased vigilance (Herrmann, 1982 b) while benzodiazepines are known to impair behavioral efficiency (Linnoila et al, 1983;van Leeuwen et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Frequency domain source localization shows state-dependent diazepam effects in 47-channel EEG

Michel¹,

Pascual-Marqui²,

Strik³

et al. 1995

J. Neural Transmission

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The topic of this study was to evaluate state-dependent effects of diazepam on the frequency characteristics of 47-channel spontaneous EEG maps. A novel method, the FFT-Dipole-Approximation (Lehmann and Michel, 1990), was used to study effects on the strength and the topography of the maps in the different frequency bands. Map topography was characterized by the 3-dimensional location of the equivalent dipole source and map strength was defined as the spatial standard deviation (the Global Field Power) of the maps of each frequency point. The Global Field Power can be considered as a measure of the amount of energy produced by the system, while the source location gives an estimate of the center of gravity of all sources in the brain that were active at a certain frequency. State-dependency was studied by evaluating the drug effects before and after a continuous performance task of 25 min duration. Clear interactions between drug (diazepam vs. placebo) and time after drug intake (before and after the task) were found, especially in the inferior-superior location of the dipole sources. It supports the hypothesis that diazepam, like other drugs, has different effects on brain functions depending on the momentary functional state of the brain. In addition to the drug effects, clearly different source locations and Global Field Power were found for the different frequency bands, replicating earlier reports (Michel et al., 1992).

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“…In our own studies, benzodiazepines such as diazepam and alprazolam produce a decrease in the P1-N1-P2-N2 components suggesting a generalised diminution in neuronal activity, related to sedation (Bond et al 1983;Allen et al 1991). However, drug e¤ects on ERPs have not been extensively evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Differentiating the effects of centrally acting drugs on arousal and memory: an event-related potential study of scopolamine, lorazepam and diphenhydramine

et al. 1998

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The degree to which apparent amnesic effects of various centrally acting drugs are secondary to their effects on arousal remains a contentious issue. The present study uses two methods to dissociate memory and arousal effects of the cholinergic antagonist, scopolamine (SP), and the GABA-A/benzodiazepine receptor agonist, lorazepam (LZ). First, it compared their effects to those of an antihistamine, diphenhydramine (DPh), to provide an active control for arousal reduction. Second, it used the same measure--event-related potentials (ERPs)--as as a parallel index of both the arousal and cognitive effects of the drugs. Fifty participants were allocated to one of five parallel treatment groups (0.6 mg SP; 2 mg LZ; 25, 50 mg DPh; placebo). ERPs were recorded during a continuous word recognition task as well as during an "oddball" task. SP, LZ and 50 mg DPh produced a similar profile of effects on certain indices of arousal and on early components of ERPs. However, SP and LZ (but not DPh) produced marked impairments of episodic memory, and this pattern was similar to that on later components of ERPs. Memory impairments by SP and LZ were highly significant on retention in the continuous recognition task and further, no drug effects were found on response bias. Subsequent free recall was similarly very impaired by SP and LOR but not by the antihistamine. We conclude that benzodiazepines and anticholinergic drugs both reduce arousal and induce amnesia, but these effects are not interdependent. Our findings provide strong evidence for a dissociation between the effects on episodic memory and on arousal of these centrally acting compounds.

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Comparative effects of a repeated dose regime of diazepam and buspirone on subjective ratings, psychological tests and the EEG

Cited by 63 publications

References 7 publications

Topographic pharmaco‐EEG mapping of increasing doses of buspirone and its comparison with diazepam

Topographic pharmaco‐EEG mapping of increasing doses of buspirone and its comparison with diazepam

Frequency domain source localization shows state-dependent diazepam effects in 47-channel EEG

Differentiating the effects of centrally acting drugs on arousal and memory: an event-related potential study of scopolamine, lorazepam and diphenhydramine

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