Comparative effect of simulated solar light, UV, UV/H2O2 and photo-Fenton treatment (UV–Vis/H2O2/Fe2+,3+) in the Escherichia coli inactivation in artificial seawater
Abstract:Fe 2þ and 10 mg L À1 of H 2 O 2 , led to the fastest bacterial inactivation kinetics. Using H 2 O 2 / UV 254 high disinfection rates were obtained similar to those obtained with photo-Fenton under UV 254 light. In Milli-Q water, the rate of inactivation for Escherichia coli was higher than in Leman Lake water and seawater due to the lack of inorganic ions affecting negatively bacteria inactivation. The presence of bicarbonate showed scavenging of the OH radicals generated in the treatment of photo-Fenton and H… Show more
“…Solar irradiation is currently promoted for water treatment since it is a cheap and renewable source of energy and it has been used both for bacteria inactivation [28] and water decontamination [29]. Yet, and as shown in Fig.…”
Please cite this article in press as: Z. Frontistis, et al., UV and simulated solar photodegradation of 17␣-ethynylestradiol in secondarytreated wastewater by hydrogen peroxide or iron addition, Catal. Today (2014), http://dx.
a b s t r a c tThe extensive use of estrogens and their release, through various pathways, into the environment, constitutes an emerging environmental problem that poses serious threats onto public health. In this work the efficiency of UVC/H 2 O 2 and solar/Fe 2+ treatment to degrade 17␣-ethynylestradiol (EE2) in environmentally relevant concentrations of 100 g/L in secondary-treated wastewater matrices was investigated. Also, photolytic treatment was performed under different irradiation sources, namely UVC, UVA and simulated solar light. The effect of H 2 O 2 (0-20 mg/L) and Fe 2+ (0-15 mg/L) concentration was investigated and, at optimal operating parameters, EE2 removal was 100% after 15 min of UVC/H 2 O 2 treatment, while EE2 removal reached 86% after 60 min of solar/Fe 2+ treatment. In addition, the effect of water matrix and pH was studied. Total organic carbon (TOC) and yeast estrogen screening (YES) measurements showed the formation of stable intermediate products during EE2 treatment and an attempt to elucidate the reaction pathways and mechanisms through the identification of transformation products (TPs) by means of UPLC-MS/MS was made. Several TPs, including quinone methide and 1,2-quinone derivatives, were identified and competing pathways were suggested, in which hydroxylation, alkylation, dealkylation, demethylation and dehydroxylation, amongst others were described as major transformation mechanisms.
“…Solar irradiation is currently promoted for water treatment since it is a cheap and renewable source of energy and it has been used both for bacteria inactivation [28] and water decontamination [29]. Yet, and as shown in Fig.…”
Please cite this article in press as: Z. Frontistis, et al., UV and simulated solar photodegradation of 17␣-ethynylestradiol in secondarytreated wastewater by hydrogen peroxide or iron addition, Catal. Today (2014), http://dx.
a b s t r a c tThe extensive use of estrogens and their release, through various pathways, into the environment, constitutes an emerging environmental problem that poses serious threats onto public health. In this work the efficiency of UVC/H 2 O 2 and solar/Fe 2+ treatment to degrade 17␣-ethynylestradiol (EE2) in environmentally relevant concentrations of 100 g/L in secondary-treated wastewater matrices was investigated. Also, photolytic treatment was performed under different irradiation sources, namely UVC, UVA and simulated solar light. The effect of H 2 O 2 (0-20 mg/L) and Fe 2+ (0-15 mg/L) concentration was investigated and, at optimal operating parameters, EE2 removal was 100% after 15 min of UVC/H 2 O 2 treatment, while EE2 removal reached 86% after 60 min of solar/Fe 2+ treatment. In addition, the effect of water matrix and pH was studied. Total organic carbon (TOC) and yeast estrogen screening (YES) measurements showed the formation of stable intermediate products during EE2 treatment and an attempt to elucidate the reaction pathways and mechanisms through the identification of transformation products (TPs) by means of UPLC-MS/MS was made. Several TPs, including quinone methide and 1,2-quinone derivatives, were identified and competing pathways were suggested, in which hydroxylation, alkylation, dealkylation, demethylation and dehydroxylation, amongst others were described as major transformation mechanisms.
“…The effects of AOPs have been studied for different kinds of wastewater (Agustina et al 2005;Sillanpää et al 2011;Choi et al 2013;Del Moro et al 2013) and are a good option for the removal of persistent pollutants when conventional processes are not enough (Moreira et al 2005). In addition, due to high disinfection efficiency, the AOPs are considered a good treatment against most viruses, bacteria and protozoa (Guo et al 2009;Rubio et al 2013). The most common method used to control the quality of water is Escherichia coli (Pitkänen et al 2007).…”
Wastewater from textile manufacturing introduces recalcitrant organic compounds, such as dyes and toxic by-products into the environment, where advanced oxidation processes are used to treat toxic and non-biodegradable organic pollutants which cannot be removed by traditional methods. H 2 O 2 /UV, photo-Fenton and heterogeneous photocatalysis (TiO 2 /H 2 O 2 /UV) processes were used, and the effect of the hydraulic retention time on total organic carbon (TOC) removal was evaluated by fitting the analytical data for the three processes to different kinetic models. The high correlation between empirical and modelled data was accomplished with a pseudo-first-order model for the three processes (R 2 = 0.9823 ± 0.017). Mineralisation, decolourisation and disinfection of textile wastewater were investigated with laboratory-scale experiments for each process. Data showed that when 5 g/L H 2 O 2 was used, heterogeneous photocatalysis was the most effective method for the removal of TOC (94.55 %). With respect to colour, all three processes achieved nearly 100 % removal (99.6, 99.3 and 99.9 % at 120 min for the H 2 O 2 /UV, photo-Fenton and TiO 2 /H 2 O 2 /UV processes, respectively).
“…This can possibly be accounted for by the partial scavenging of endogenously produced or exogenously produced · OH in the presence of chloride ions [38]. Therefore, when B. ovatus is released into seawater with AOM, B. ovatus cells have a half-life of 11.4 min, which is essentially the same as the half-life for the high salinity water without AOM (i.e., 12.6 min).…”
BackgroundBacteroides ovatus, a member of the genus Bacteroides, is considered for use in molecular-based methods as a general fecal indicator. However, knowledge on its fate and persistence after a fecal contamination event remains limited. In this study, the persistence of B. ovatus was evaluated under simulated sunlight exposure and in conditions similar to freshwater and seawater. By combining propidium monoazide (PMA) treatment and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) detection, the decay rates of B. ovatus were determined in the presence and absence of exogenous photosensitizers and in salinity up to 39.5 parts per thousand at 27°C.ResultsUVB was found to be important for B. ovatus decay, averaging a 4 log10 of decay over 6 h of exposure without the presence of extracellular photosensitizers. The addition of NaNO2, an exogenous sensitizer producing hydroxyl radicals, did not significantly change the decay rate of B. ovatus in both low and high salinity water, while the exogenous sensitizer algae organic matter (AOM) slowed down the decay of B. ovatus in low salinity water. At seawater salinity, the decay rate of B. ovatus was slower than that in low salinity water, except when both NaNO2 and AOM were present.ConclusionThe results of laboratory experiments suggest that if B. ovatus is released into either freshwater or seawater environment in the evening, 50% of it may be intact by the next morning; if it is released at noon, only 50% may be intact after a mere 5 min of full spectrum irradiation on a clear day. This study provides a mechanistic understanding to some of the important environmental relevant factors that influenced the inactivation kinetics of B. ovatus in the presence of sunlight irradiation, and would facilitate the use of B. ovatus to indicate the occurrence of fecal contamination.
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