Comparative composition of aerial and subterranean potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L)

Glycoalkaloid contents in potato leaves and tubers as influenced by insecticide application

“…Potato tubers are rich in high-quality protein, essential vitamins, minerals and trace elements (Karim et al 1997, Camire et al 2009). Nevertheless, Solanum tuberosum L. contains glycoalkaloids -natural toxic substances present in plants of the Solanaceae family.…”

“…Possibly, the main function of glycoalkaloids is to protect plants from bacterial and fungal diseases as well as from pests (Colorado potato beetle, wireworms) (Lachman et al 2001, Didier et al 2003, Miller et al 2003. Potato cultivars with glycoalkaloid levels not exceeding 200 mg/kg fresh weight of tubers (including jacket) are generally recognised as safe for human consumption; however, the concentration above 100 mg/kg fresh weight affects the taste of tubers (Friedman et al 1997, Karim et al 1997, Mazurczyk and Lis 2000, Jansky 2010). The tubers of Polish potato cultivars contain between 12 and 159 mg/kg glycoalkaloids, German cultivars have values ranging between 20 and 220 mg/kg, American -20 to 130 mg/kg and British -36 to 142 mg/kg (Dale andMackay 2007, Nowacki 2009).…”

Influence of light‐enhanced glycoalkaloids on resistance of potato tubers to Fusarium sulphureum and Fusarium solani var. coeruleum

“…However, since reduced invasion by this pathogen was demonstrated, this would indicate that light promotes other responses, which may have contributed to increased resistance. Recent investigations indicated that tubers exposed to light had higher concentrations of chlorogenic acid, magnesium and, in some cases, calcium ( Karim et al ., 1997 ). The presence of chlorogenic acid in plants has been associated with defence against pathogens ( Deshpande et al ., 1984 ; Ghanekar et al ., 1984 ; Sinden et al ., 1988 ).…”

“…coeruleum ( Olsson, 1987). Light stress also decreases membrane fluidity and increases leakiness ( Sowokinos, 1990) and causes alterations in nutrient and carbohydrate concentrations ( Karim et al ., 1997 ), all of which may interact to limit fungal invasion.…”

Hydrophobic Polymers from Food Waste: Resources and Synthesis

“…Lactic acid chains are produced by the microbial fermentation of starch from renewable sources including food wastes. 220 The most commonly used carbon sources for PLA production are sugar-containing materials, cassava starch, lignocellulose/hemicellulose hydrolysates, cotton seed hulls, Jerusalem artichokes, corn cobs, corn stalks, beet molasses, wheat bran, rye flour, sweet sorghum, sugarcane press mud, cassava, barley starch, cellulose, carrot processing waste, 221 It is produced industrially by the bacterial fermentation of carbohydrates at pHs of 5.4 to 6.4 in the temperature range [38][39][40][41][42] • C, at low oxygen concentration and in the presence of microorganisms through solvent-free polymerization. 222 The microbal fermentation can be carried out by bacterial species such as Lactobacillu, Streptococcues, Leuconostoc, and Enterococcues or fungal strains such as Mucor, Monilina, and Rhizopus (Table 33).…”