Comparative clinical and parasitological efficacy of moxidectin pour-on, ivermectin, and piperazine citrate on Toxocara vitulorum infection in buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis):a randomized clinical trial

Abstract

Toxocara vitulorum is an important intestinal nematode that causes great economic losses in farm animals worldwide. However, there is a paucity in the development of effective and safe anthelmintic drugs against this parasite in buffalo calves. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antitoxocariasis efficacy of moxidectin, ivermectin, and piperazine citrate in buffalo calves. To achieve this purpose, 130 buffalo calves were randomly selected from Kafr El-Sheikh governorate, Egypt, and were examined for the presence of Toxocara vitulorum. Thirty calves were identified to be infected. Diseased calves were allocated randomly into 3 groups (10 each). The first group received moxidectin pour-on, the second group received ivermectin, and the third received piperazine citrate. Clinical, hematological, and parasitological responses of treated animals were assessed at 7, 14, 28, and 56 days after treatment. The fastest clinical recovery and complete elimination of parasite eggs from feces were exhibited in calves treated with moxidectin. Significant inhibition of eosinophil counts was observed in all treated calves at 1 week following treatment. From the obtained data, we conclude that moxidectin is an alternative effective and safe drug for treatment of buffalo calves infected with Toxocara vitulorum when administrated in the pouron route under field conditions.

Pilot Çalışma: Manda Sütünde Toxocara vitulorum Larva Varlığının Araştırılması

“…Toxocara vitulorum malakların en patojen parazitlerinden birisi olarak kabul edilmekle birlikte, büyük ruminantlarda askaridiosis ile ilgili fazla sayıda çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalar incelendiğinde toxocariasis enfeksiyonuna genellikle dışkı bakı yöntemlerinin kullanıldığı [4,5,17,19], bunun yanında yeni doğum yapmış mandalarda sütte parazitin larvasının arandığı çalışmalar da olduğu görülür [1,20). Dünya genelinde enfeksiyon oranı malaklarda dışkı bakısına göre %25,5-34 arasında bildirilmiştir [1,12,17].…”

Poloxamer 407/188 Binary Thermosensitive Gel as a Moxidectin Delivery System: In Vitro Release and In Vivo Evaluation

“…MXD had the shortest recovery time and completely eliminated parasitic worm eggs in feces in buffalo calves infected with toxoplasma gondii . It has been indicated that MXD has a stronger insecticidal activity than IVM and piperazine citrate [ 13 ]. Di Cesare [ 14 ] evaluated the efficacy and safety of 10% imidacloprid +1% MXD on cats with a natural infection of Capillaria aerophile .…”

Efficacy of clinically used anthelmintics against toxocariasis of buffalo calves in Bangladesh

“…Anthelmintic activities, potency and therapies of albendazole, levamisole and ivermectin have been studied previously in the world (Alsaad and Al-Iraqi, 2010; Dale and Haylett, 2004). Although the e cacy of anthelmintics against T. vitulorum infection in buffalo calves had been performed in different parts of the world like Indonesia (Satrija et al, 2011), Turkey (Avcioglu and Balkaya, 2011), Egypt (Rizk et al, 2018) and Assam of India (Rajkhowa et al, 2003). Nevertheless, there are no reports on the e cacy of anthelmintics against T. vitulorum infection of buffalo calves in Bangladesh.…”