Comparative Chemical Profiles of Essential Oils and Hydrolate Extracts from Fresh Flowers of Eight Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. Cultivars from Central China

Lei, Gaoming; Li, Jie; Zheng, Tao; Yao, Junqiao; Chen, Jingjing; Duan, Leng‐Xin

doi:10.3390/molecules23123268

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, only few studies have been carried out on EOs and Hys obtained from the same distillation process in order to compare their chemical composition [ 9 , 10 , 11 ], or study some of their activities such as psychopharmacological and anti-cancer activities [ 12 , 13 ], or larvicidal and nematodicidal ones [ 14 , 15 ]. Our group participated in these early investigations, assessing the chemical composition and the antimicrobial activity of the EO and Hy obtained from Monarda citriodora in a recent research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Antimicrobial Activity of Hydrolates Lower than That of Essential Oils?

et al. 2021

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Among the top five human infections requiring medical treatment is dermatitis. Treatment of bacterial and fungal skin infections is usually based on antibiotic therapy, which is often ineffective due to the involvement of antibiotic-resistant microbial strains. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of essential oils (EOs) and hydrolates (Hys) extracted from six aromatic plants grown in Italy (Lavandula angustifolia, Lavandula intermedia, Origanum hirtum, Satureja montana, Monarda didyma, and Monarda fistulosa) towards fungal (Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis; Trichophyton soudanense, Trichophyton tonsurans, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton violaceum and Microsporum canis) and bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus MRSA, Staphylococcus aureus MSSA, Streptococcus pyogenes, E. faecalis, Enterococcus faecalis VRE, and Enterococcus faecium) potentially pathogenic for human skin. The composition and antimicrobial activity of EOs and Hys were evaluated using the Gas-chromatography mass spectrometry and micro dilution-broth test, respectively. The volatiles’ conversion factors (CFs) were calculated to compare the activity of Hys with that of the corresponding EOs. Data show that, although the minimum inhibitory concentration values of EOs are lower than the corresponding Hys, the volatiles contained in Hys are more effective at inhibiting microbial growth because they are active at lower concentrations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Antimicrobial Activity of Hydrolates Lower than That of Essential Oils?

et al. 2021

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“…EOs are commonly obtained by steam distillation or hydrodistillation, and at the end of this process, hydrosols or hydrolates (HYSs) are obtained as an aqueous fraction that separates from the EOs [ 19 ]. GC-MS analysis and/or NMR spectroscopy have demonstrated that nonpolar molecules are the main components of EOs, whereas more hydrophilic molecules and traces of EOs form HYSs [ 20 ]. Thus, the physicochemical, and biological properties of both EOs and HYSs depend on the nature and relative concentration of their compounds [ 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Control of Postharvest Gray Mold Disease on Tomato Fruit Using Mixtures of Essential Oils and Their Respective Hydrolates

Brito

Hansen

Espinoza

et al. 2021

Plants

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Gray mold disease, which is caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers ex. Fr., results in serious economic losses to Lycopersicum esculentum (tomato) crop productivity. In this study, we explored the possibility that mixtures of essential oils (EOs) and their respective hydrolates (HYSs) could be used to control this disease. Thus, EOs and HYSs were obtained from Origanum vulgare, Thymus vulgaris, Citrus limon, and Citrus sinensis by hydrodistillation. In vitro antifungal activities were evaluated, and EC50 values of 15.9 and 19.8 µg/mL were obtained for EOs of thyme and oregano, respectively. These activities are due mainly to volatile compounds, thymol and carvacrol. Results from in vivo assays show that although most tomatoes were infested five days after inoculation, the damage was considerably reduced by the application of an EO/HYS mixture of thyme. The disease incidence indexes of B. cinerea tomato rot, percentage and severity, measured four days after inoculation, were reduced by 70% and 76%, respectively, as compared with the inoculum control. These results suggest that a combination of HYSs and EOs enhances antifungal activity, and that optimization of relative concentrations, volumes, and the nature of the compounds, could design a formulation able to control B. cinerea inoculum on tomato fruits.

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“…To our knowledge, this is the first PCA analysis of volatile compounds for the genus Veronica. However, numerous other experiments have been conducted for other species, suggesting that volatile compounds can be used as a discriminating factor between species/cultivars [26][27][28].…”

Section: Principal Component Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free Volatile Compounds of Veronica austriaca ssp. jacquinii (Baumg.) Eb. Fisch. and Their Biological Activity

Nazlić

Fredotović

Vuko

et al. 2021

Plants

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The composition of free volatile compounds of essential oils (EO) and hydrosols (Hy) from four different localities of the species Veronica austriaca ssp. jacquinii (Baumg.) Eb. Fisch. were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. In the EOs, the most abundant compounds identified were hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (23.34–52.56%), hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid, 26.71–58.91%) and octadecanol acetate (0–6.24%). The hydrosols were characterized by high abundance of methyl eugenol (23.35–57.93%), trans-p-mentha-1(7),8-dien-2-ol (5.24–7.69%) and thymol (3.48–9.45%). Glandular trichomes were analyzed using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), as they are the sites of synthesis of free volatile compounds. We have detected glandular trichomes, consisting of a one stalk cell and two elliptically shaped head cells, and non-glandular (unbranched, bi-cellular to multicellular) trichomes on stems, leaves and the sepals. Data for volatile compounds from EOs and hydrosols were analyzed using Principal Component Analyses (PCA) to demonstrate variations in the composition of the volatile compounds identified. Isolated samples of EO and hydrosols were analyzed for their antioxidant activity using two methods, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity). The essential oils showed higher antioxidant activity than the hydrosols in ORAC method, but lower activity by the DPPH method. The isolates were also tested for their antiproliferative activity on different types of cancer cells and also on two lines of healthy cells, and the results showed that the extracts were not toxic to the cell lines tested. Total polyphenols, total tannins, total flavonoids and total phenolic acids were also analyzed and determined spectrophotometrically. The free volatile compounds of Veronica austriaca ssp. jacquinii can be considered as a safe natural product.

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Comparative Chemical Profiles of Essential Oils and Hydrolate Extracts from Fresh Flowers of Eight Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. Cultivars from Central China

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Is the Antimicrobial Activity of Hydrolates Lower than That of Essential Oils?

Is the Antimicrobial Activity of Hydrolates Lower than That of Essential Oils?

Assessing the Control of Postharvest Gray Mold Disease on Tomato Fruit Using Mixtures of Essential Oils and Their Respective Hydrolates

Free Volatile Compounds of Veronica austriaca ssp. jacquinii (Baumg.) Eb. Fisch. and Their Biological Activity

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