Comparative carbon isotope chemostratigraphy of major Late Devonian biotic crises

Pisarzowska, Agnieszka; Racki, Grzegorz

doi:10.1016/bs.sats.2020.08.001

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 197 publications

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“…If the maximal △ 13 C observed in the latest Devonian interval was associated with a remarkably elevated paleo‐ p CO 2 event, global changes in atmospheric p CO 2 would have been documented in wider regions. However, this hypothesis is not consistent with deep water carbon isotope chemostratigraphy as summarized in the global database, which reveals synchronous changes in the δ 13 C carb ‐δ 13 C org curves through the interregional correlation of the Hangenberg units from a wide range of regions, including the northern Rhenish Massif, the Holy Cross Mountains, Carnic Alps and Thuringia (Pisarzowska & Racki, 2020). In addition to aqueous CO 2 in seawater, the magnitude of isotope fractionation can also be influenced by vital effects, including growth rate (Fry & Wainright, 1991) and cell geometry (Popp et al, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Isotopic evidence of environmental changes during the Devonian–Carboniferous transition in South China and its implications for the biotic crisis

Cao

Wang

et al. 2023

Geobiology

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The Devonian–Carboniferous (D–C) transition coincides with the Hangenberg Crisis, carbon isotope anomalies, and the enhanced preservation of organic matter associated with marine redox fluctuations. The proposed driving factors for the biotic extinction include variations in the eustatic sea level, paleoclimate fluctuation, climatic conditions, redox conditions, and the configuration of ocean basins. To investigate this phenomenon and obtain information on the paleo‐ocean environment of different depositional facies, we studied a shallow‐water carbonate section developed in the periplatform slope facies on the southern margin of South China, which includes a well‐preserved succession spanning the D–C boundary. The integrated chemostratigraphic trends reveal distinct excursions in the isotopic compositions of bulk nitrogen, carbonate carbon, organic carbon, and total sulfur. A distinct negative δ15N excursion (~−3.1‰) is recorded throughout the Middle Si. praesulcata Zone and the Upper Si. praesulcata Zone, when the Hangenberg mass extinction occurred. We attribute the nitrogen cycle anomaly to enhanced microbial nitrogen fixation, which was likely a consequence of intensified seawater anoxia associated with increased denitrification, as well as upwelling of anoxic ammonium‐bearing waters. Negative excursions in the δ13Ccarb and δ13Corg values were identified in the Middle Si. praesulcata Zone and likely resulted from intense deep ocean upwelling that amplified nutrient fluxes and delivered 13C‐depleted anoxic water masses. Decreased δ34S values during the Middle Si. praesulcata Zone suggests an increasing contribution of water‐column sulfate reduction under euxinic conditions. Contributions of organic matter produced by anaerobic metabolisms to the deposition of shallow carbonate in the Upper Si. praesulcata Zone is recorded by the nadir of δ13Corg values associated with maximal △13C. The integrated δ15N‐δ13C‐δ34S data suggest that significant ocean‐redox variation was recorded in South China during the D–C transition; and that this prominent fluctuation was likely associated with intense upwelling of deep anoxic waters. The temporal synchrony between the development of euxinia/anoxia and the Hangenberg Event indicates that the redox oscillation was a key factor triggering manifestations of the biodiversity crisis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Isotopic evidence of environmental changes during the Devonian–Carboniferous transition in South China and its implications for the biotic crisis

Cao

Wang

et al. 2023

Geobiology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous explanations of the nature of negative excursions of inorganic carbon isotopic composition have been proposed (see Pisarzowska and Racki, 2020 for a review). Processes that could lead to low δ 12 C values include: increase in organic-carbon weathering, collapse of the biological pump, extensive wildfires, episodes of hydrothermal activity in the basin, and freshwater plumes caused by melting of ice caps (Pisarzowska and Racki, 2020). In the case of the lower Serpukhovian negative excursions SN1 and SN2, increase in organic-carbon weathering provoked by regression and extensive freshwater plumes initiated by melting of ice caps during short term deglaciation pulses seem to be the most realistic causes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Mississippian (early Serpukhovian) carbon isotope record of northern Laurussia: A proposal for the Viséan/ Serpukhovian boundary

Журавлев¹,

Vevel²,

Gruzdev³

et al. 2023

revmexcg

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The fauna provincialism in the interval led to the appearance of some problems with the tracing of this boundary with biostratigraphic methods. Therefore, it is important to determine auxiliary non-biostratigraphic markers of the boundary. The article is focused on the evaluation of the correlation potential of carbon isotope excursions near the Viséan/Serpukhovian boundary, with special attention to the northern Laurussia region. The biostratigraphically constrained carbon isotope record is revealed from the terminal Viséan ‑ lower Serpukhovian (Mississippian) shelf successions of the northern Laurussia (six key sections located in the north of Urals and Cis-Urals, NE Europe). Onset of a negative excursion in the middle part of the Lochriea ziegleri conodont Zone (lower Serpukhovian) shows amplitude of 1–2‰ and high spatial stability, and can be used as a stratigraphic marker in regional and global correlations.

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“…Negative δ 13 C excursions can reflect massive release of isotopically light carbon from volcanogenic and thermogenic devolatilization in a giant volcanic system ( 67 ; see R&S hypothesis in 63 ). The killing effectiveness of a volcanic cataclysm depends on the geological setting of the host region, the size of the igneous province, the magma plumbing system and the eruption dynamics 68 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury spikes as evidence of extended arc-volcanism around the Devonian–Carboniferous boundary in the South Tian Shan (southern Uzbekistan)

Rakociński

Pisarzowska

Corradini

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Recently, the end-Devonian mass extinction (Hangenberg Crisis, 359 Ma) was identified as a first-order mass extinction, albeit not one of the “Big Five” events. Many marine and terrestrial organisms were affected by this crisis. The cause of this mass extinction is still conjectural and widely discussed. Here we report anomalously high mercury (Hg) concentrations from the South Tian Shan (Uzbekistan), together with correlation using conodont biostratigraphic data. Hg enrichment (to 5825 ppb) was detected in marine deposits encompassing the Hangenberg Crisis. In the Novchomok section, the Hangenberg Crisis interval does not contain typical Hangenberg Black Shales; however, by means of inorganic geochemistry (enrichment of redox-sensitive elements such as Mo, V, and U) we detected an equivalent level despite the lack of marked facies changes. This is the first record of Hg and Hg/total organic carbon anomalies in marly shales, marls and carbonates that are totally independent of facies changes, implying that volcanism was the most probable cause of the Hangenberg Crisis. This conclusion is confirmed by the presence of a negative δ13C excursion, which may reflect massive release of isotopically light carbon from volcanogenic and thermogenic devolatilization likely combined with increased arc-volcanism activity worldwide at the end of the Devonian.

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Comparative carbon isotope chemostratigraphy of major Late Devonian biotic crises

Cited by 15 publications

References 197 publications

Isotopic evidence of environmental changes during the Devonian–Carboniferous transition in South China and its implications for the biotic crisis

Isotopic evidence of environmental changes during the Devonian–Carboniferous transition in South China and its implications for the biotic crisis

Late Mississippian (early Serpukhovian) carbon isotope record of northern Laurussia: A proposal for the Viséan/ Serpukhovian boundary

Mercury spikes as evidence of extended arc-volcanism around the Devonian–Carboniferous boundary in the South Tian Shan (southern Uzbekistan)

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