Comparative Biochemical and Proteomic Analyses of Soybean Seed Cultivars Differing in Protein and Oil Content

Abstract

This study develops differential protein profiles of soybean (Glycine max) seeds (cv. Saedanbaek and Daewon) varying in protein (47.9 and 39.2%) and oil (16.3 and 19.7%) content using protamine sulfate (PS) precipitation method coupled with a 2D gel electrophoresis (2DGE) approach. Of 71 detected differential spots between Daewon and Saedanbaek, 48 were successfully identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF. Gene ontology analysis revealed that up-regulated proteins in Saedanbaek were largely associated with nutrient reservoir activity (42.6%), which included mainly seed-storage proteins (SSPs; subunits of glycinin and β-conglycinin). Similar results were also obtained in two cultivars of wild soybean (G. soja cv. WS22 and WS15) differing in protein content. Western blots confirmed higher accumulation of SSPs in protein-rich Saedanbaek. Findings presented and discussed in this study highlight a possible involvement of the urea cycle for increased accumulation of SSPs and hence the higher protein content in soybean seeds.

Amino Acid Balance is Affected by Protein Concentration in Soybean

“…Of all the amino acids reported, arginine and glutamic acid were the only amino acids to increase concomitantly with higher protein (Table 2). This result is in agreement with previous work which showed that high-protein soybean lines have increased concentrations of arginine and glutamic acid compared with control lines (Serretti et al, 1994;Medic et al, 2014;Woo Min et al, 2015). It is important to note that shade increased arginine but had little impact on glutamic acid.…”

“…3. This result is in agreement with previous work which showed that high-protein soybean lines have increased concentrations of arginine and glutamic acid compared with control lines (Serretti et al, 1994;Medic et al, 2014;Woo Min et al, 2015). Data were indexed to the control within block to remove the effects of cultivar, block, and environment; this allowed us to see the relative treatment differences on a percentage basis from the control, which is set at one (dotted line).…”

“…Data were indexed to the control within block to remove the effects of cultivar, block, and environment; this allowed us to see the relative treatment differences on a percentage basis from the control, which is set at one (dotted line). Glutamic acid is involved in the capture of free N within the seed and is a major component of soybean seed storage proteins (Woo Min et al, 2015). Otherwise, those data were excluded from the regressions (R 2 [NoSh] Fig.…”

“…Additionally, metabolic activities of the developing seed itself may increase the balance of arginine and glutamic acid under increased source/sink ratio. Glutamic acid is involved in the capture of free N within the seed and is a major component of soybean seed storage proteins (Woo Min et al, 2015). The seed storage protein shown to be concentrated in high-protein lines is the b-conglycinin protein, which is high in glutamic acid but low in the S-containing amino acids (Yaklich, 2001).…”

Black soybeans protect human keratinocytes from oxidative stress‐induced cell death

“…Three soybean cultivars (Saedanbaek,Daechan,Cheongja#3) were newly developed by National Institute of Crop Science as previously reported Lee et al, 2009;Min et al, 2015), and all soybeans were provided form the National Institute of Crop Science. These soybeans were grounded into powder at 500 g for 5 min, respectively.…”