Comparative assessment of yield and adaptive potential of pea and soybean varieties in the conditions of the northern foreststeppe zone of Northern Trans-Urals

Abstract

The research aims to comprehensively assess pea and soybean varieties based on their ranking by yield and adaptive parameters in the conditions of the northern forest-steppe zone of the Tyumen region for the years 2019-2021. The authors identified the significant environmental variability during the years of variety testing. The best pea variety in terms of average yield and average yield in contrasting conditions was Ostinato (33.8 and 36.9 c/ha, respectively), while for soybean, it was the Siberiada variety (13.2 and 11.9 c/ha, respectively). The realisation of yield potential was low for all varieties and did not exceed 75%. Pea varieties outperformed soybean varieties regarding 1000 grain weight and plant height. The vegetation period for soybean varieties was 25-30 days longer than for pea varieties. All sorts exhibited high resistance to lodging. Stress resistance was low for all types, especially peas, ranging from -11.8 for the Siberian variety to -20.0 c/ha for the Ostinato pea. Yield variability among varieties ranged from 33.4% (Ostinato pea variety) to 53.4% (SibNIISK-315 soybean variety). The regression coefficient for all pea and soybean varieties was equal to or close to one, from bi = 0.96 (Siberiachka soybean variety) to bi = 1.04 (Ostinato pea variety and Siberiada soybean variety), indicating their plasticity. Soybean varieties exceeded pea varieties in terms of homeostasis. The best for peas in this indicator was the Ostinato variety (Hоm = 5.06), and for soybeans, it was the Siberiada variety (Hоm = 2.06). The pea variety Ostinato (2.4) and the soybean variety Siberiada (0.8) demonstrated the highest overall adaptive ability. Based on the sum of rankings for yield and adaptability parameters, the best pea variety was Ostinato (sum of orders 11). For soybeans, it was the Siberiada variety (sum of rankings 11).