Comparative assessment of water and organic acid washing pretreatment for nitrogen-rich pyrolysis: Characteristics and distribution of bio-oil and biochar

Liu, Shanjian; He, Zhisen; Dong, Qing; Zhao, An; Huang, Fei; Bi, Dongmei

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2022.106480

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This effect of different compounds can be observed through the presence of preserved and formed nitrogenous functional groups during pyrolysis, which can conduct electricity due to their electron donation or acceptance capacity in reaction centers. Examples of these groups present in biochar include amines (NH 2 ), imines (NH), nitro groups (NO 2 ), pyridinic, and pyrazinic groups [16,21,27,39,40,44]. The effect of N-rich groups with high EC was evident in our study, especially in CH-derived biochar, which showed lower N loss, i.e., preserved higher N content in the biochar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…The positive relationship between total N and C contents is explained by the presence of pyrolytic carbon, which has a porous structure capable of adsorbing molecules, including nitrogenous compounds produced during pyrolysis [3,16,21,39,40,43,44]. Furthermore, when N is adsorbed onto pyrolytic C, additional polymerization or condensation reactions occur between N and C atoms, creating favorable conditions for the formation of nitrogenous compounds with closed chains, thus preserving N during pyrolysis [3,16,21,39,40,43,44]. Among these N compounds are the formation of pyrazine and pyridine and the formation of other heterocyclic compounds, such as pyrazole (Figure 5) [39,40,44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, when N is adsorbed onto pyrolytic C, additional polymerization or condensation reactions occur between N and C atoms, creating favorable conditions for the formation of nitrogenous compounds with closed chains, thus preserving N during pyrolysis [3,16,21,39,40,43,44]. Among these N compounds are the formation of pyrazine and pyridine and the formation of other heterocyclic compounds, such as pyrazole (Figure 5) [39,40,44]. Despite the C and N correlation, obtaining reliable measures of these elements in biochar is expensive and time-consuming.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Empirical Correlation between Electrical Conductivity and Nitrogen Content in Biochar as Influenced by Pyrolysis Temperature

Morais,

Silva,

Gao

et al. 2024

Nitrogen

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Much progress has been made in understanding the conditions of biochar production related to biochar properties and carbon (C). Still, very little knowledge has been gained regarding the effects on nitrogen (N), one of the most critical nutrients affected by pyrolysis temperature (PT). Analysis of N in biochar is costly, and alternative methods should be developed to estimate the N content in biochar quickly under different pyrolysis conditions. We hypothesized that there was a correlation between biochar N content and its electrical conductivity (EC). We aimed to evaluate total N and the effect of PT through the correlation with EC, a parameter that can be easily measured. Biochar products derived from coffee husk (CH) and chicken manure (CM) produced at increasing PT (300 to 750 °C) were used for the study and measured for total N and EC. The increase in PT caused significant N loss, consequently reducing total N content in biochars, with the highest loss (82%) and lowest total N content (1.2 g kg−1) found in CM biochar pyrolyzed at 750 °C. The lowest N loss (21% for CH biochar and 36% for CM biochar) was observed at a PT of 300 °C. A negative correlation between EC and total N and a positive correlation with N loss were found in both biochar products across the wide range of PT investigated. To preserve the N content in biochars, the PT should not exceed 400 °C. Our results indicate that EC is a fast and accurate biochar proxy attribute capable of predicting the N content and its loss in coffee husk and chicken manure-derived biochars as the pyrolysis temperature increased from 300 °C to 750 °C and could be used as an alternative to predict the N in biochar easily. A more extensive set of biochar samples and pyrolysis conditions should be tested to validate this approach.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Empirical Correlation between Electrical Conductivity and Nitrogen Content in Biochar as Influenced by Pyrolysis Temperature

Morais,

Silva,

Gao

et al. 2024

Nitrogen

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recent fast pyrolysis research focuses more towards the use of residual, as-of-yet non-valorized biomasses (e.g. agricultural residues) which typically have higher ash contents compared to clean wood-based feedstock, hence the importance of prior demineralization with either mineral [22][23][24][25][26][27] or organic acids [28][29][30]. According to Rodríguez-Machín et al the effect of hydrolysis promoted by the acids during the leaching process on the thermal degradation behavior appears to be dominant over any suppression or passivation of the catalytic effect of AAEMs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of citric acid pretreatment on composition and stability of bio-oil from sugar cane residues using a continuous lab-scale pyrolysis reactor

Rodríguez-Machín,

Arteaga-Pérez,

Manrique

et al. 2023

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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Catalytic pyrolysis of torrefied biomass with molecular sieve catalysts to produce hydrocarbon rich biocrude

Singh,

Kakku,

Shah

et al. 2024

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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The downstream processing of biocrudes obtained from direct biomass pyrolysis poses significant challenges due to stability issues, necessitating costly upgrading for further coprocessing with refinery feeds. This study examines the impact of torrefaction pretreatment on pyrolysis product distribution and biocrude composition using sawdust (SD) and groundnut shell (GS) feeds. Torrefaction was conducted at varying temperatures (200, 250 and 300°C) for 30 min under different reactor conditions. Increasing the severity of torrefaction resulted in decreased biocrude yields with reduced water content and gas formation, particularly evident with GS. A torrefaction temperature of 250°C and 30 min of pretreatment yielded higher phenolics and hydrocarbons. This increase in phenolics can be attributed to lignin enrichment during torrefaction, which, in the presence of a catalyst, undergoes deoxygenation leading to hydrocarbon formation. The influence of feed particle size, whether in powder or pellet form, on biocrude yield and composition was found to be minimal. Catalytic pyrolysis of SD using molecular sieve catalysts yielded the highest hydrocarbon (42%) and aromatic content (44%) at catalyst to biomass ratios of 1:1 and 2:3. The combination of torrefaction and pyrolysis was shown to enhance the quality of biocrude by increasing its hydrocarbon content, but at the expense of lower liquid yields. Experimental observations were supported by statistical analysis tools such as principal component analysis, which assessed pyrolysis product yields and composition.

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Comparative assessment of water and organic acid washing pretreatment for nitrogen-rich pyrolysis: Characteristics and distribution of bio-oil and biochar

Cited by 18 publications

References 47 publications

Empirical Correlation between Electrical Conductivity and Nitrogen Content in Biochar as Influenced by Pyrolysis Temperature

Empirical Correlation between Electrical Conductivity and Nitrogen Content in Biochar as Influenced by Pyrolysis Temperature

The effect of citric acid pretreatment on composition and stability of bio-oil from sugar cane residues using a continuous lab-scale pyrolysis reactor

Catalytic pyrolysis of torrefied biomass with molecular sieve catalysts to produce hydrocarbon rich biocrude

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