Comparative assessment of purine nucleotides adenosine, guanosine and inosine monophosphates as functional supplements on growth and health performances of red sea bream,Pagrus majorjuvenile

Abstract

Purine nucleotides regulate the cellular functions in the animal body. The current study evaluates the comparative efficacy of dietary purine nucleotides, that is, adenosine monophosphate (AMP), guanosine monophosphate (GMP) and inosine monophosphate (IMP) in red sea bream Pagrus major. Semi‐purified basal diet was formulated (Control, D1) containing 550 g/kg protein, supplemented with purine nucleotides AMP, GMP and IMP at their optimum supplementation level (2, 4 and 4 g/kg) to formulate the experimental diet groups D2, D3 and D4, respectively. Initial weight of 3.5 ± 0.01 g fish was randomly fed test diets in triplicate. After 56 days, % weight gain (p = .003), specific growth rate (p = .003) and apparent lipid digestibility (p = .04) were significantly higher in fish fed diet group D4 followed by D3 and D2. Supplemented groups showed significantly higher feed intake in comparison to control (p = .001). Supplemented groups showed significantly increased and decreased NBT (p = .003) and CAT (p = .003) activity, respectively. Fish fed IMP supplemented diets had significantly lower blood urea nitrogen (p = .04), glutamyl oxaloacetic transaminase (p = .04) and glutamic‐pyruvate transaminase (p = .001) followed by other supplemented groups. Supplemented diet groups showed enhanced stress resistance. Interestingly, D2 and D4 groups showed best oxidative stress status of fish. Therefore, these results indicated that among purine nucleotides, supplementation of IMP could be a more effective nucleotide as functional supplement in red sea bream diet.

Interactive effect of dietary fish oil and pyrimidine nucleotide supplementation on the fatty acid composition of juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss : Enhancement of ARA and DHA contents in the fillet of fish fed‐supplemented diet

“…In contrast, supplementation of 1.5 to 4.0 g/kg purified nucleotides in casein-based diet significantly promoted growth of juvenile grouper Epinephelus malabaricus and red sea bream (Hossain et al, ,2016(Hossain et al, , , 2016a(Hossain et al, , , 2016b(Hossain et al, , , 2017a(Hossain et al, , , 2017bLin et al, 2009). The inconsistence findings on the growth promotion effect of dietary nucleotides could be associated with the different protein source and supplementation level of nucleotides Hossain et al, (2021) reported that variation of nucleotide types also affected response variations in terms of growth, feed utilization, immune responses and stress tolerance of fish. In addition, growth and feed utilization of fish were also not affected by replacing 75% fish oil by vegetable oils in the present study.…”

“…The inconsistence findings on the growth promotion effect of dietary nucleotides could be associated with the different protein source and supplementation level of nucleotides in the experimental diet. Moreover, recently, Hossain et al, (2020), Hossain et al, (2021) reported that variation of nucleotide types also affected response variations in terms of growth, feed utilization, immune responses and stress tolerance of fish. In addition, growth and feed utilization of fish were also not affected by replacing 75% fish oil by vegetable oils in the present study.…”

Utilization of functional feed additives to produce cost‐effective, ecofriendly aquafeeds high in plant‐based ingredients

“…In some cases, certain FuFAs are inexpensive and provide improved performance. Hossain et al 361 reported that among individual purine NTs (IMP, GMP, and adenosine monophosphate [AMP]), IMP is less expensive (25 g = $197.5) than AMP (25 g = $377.6) or GMP (25 g = $463.0) and therefore, IMP is a more economically feasible and effective purine NT for red sea bream. Apart from depending on commercial FuFA products, to reduce cost, some FuFA materials can be prepared from locally available inputs.…”