Comparative assessment of energy flow, carbon auditing and eco-efficiency of diverse tillage systems for cleaner and sustainable crop production in eastern India

Kumar, Rakesh; Sarkar, Bikash; Bhatt, B. P.; Mali, Santosh S.; Mondal, Surajit; Mishra, J. S.; Jat, Rajkumar; Meena, Ram Swaroop; Anurag, Anukul Prakash; Raman, Rohan Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126162

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Table 7 shows the studies that discussed other types of sustainability assurance such as carbon disclosure assurance (Kumar et al 2021 ; Qingliang Tang 2019 ), shariah audit (Sulaiman & Alhaji Zakari 2019 ), social assurance (Gao & Zhang 2004 ), environmental assurance (Watson and Emery 2003 ), and auditing firm (Bostan et al 2021 ; Coetzee et al 2019 ; Ghani et al 2018 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability assurance practices: a systematic review and future research agenda

Hazaea

Zhu

Khatib

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Although firms increasingly publish sustainability reports, assuring such reports is relatively new. This study reviews the literature of sustainability assurance to evaluate the intellectual development of the field and provide recommendations for future studies. It also demonstrates the role of assurance to enhance the credibility of sustainability reports and corporate reputation. This paper systematically reviews 94 papers obtained from the Scopus database between 1993 and August 2021. Our study shows that there is an increase in the number of studies published in recent years. We also found that some countries have received limited attention, such as the USA. The scant literature examining sustainability assurance in private institutions and non-profit organisations should be reinforced. Likewise, the sustainability research also provides limited evidence on the governance debate. The vast majority of research is not based on theoretical grounds. The need for assurance of sustainability reports not only enhances the reputation but also adds more value to the organisation’s planning, monitoring, and accountability. We highlight several new research suggestions that may enhance the understanding of sustainability assurance practices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability assurance practices: a systematic review and future research agenda

Hazaea

Zhu

Khatib

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…Different pests and their possible reasons for outbursts in long-term CA based production systems in the MIGP of South Asia have been investigated and documented in the present study. CA based techniques are being developed and popularized to address the problems of increasing water scarcity, deteriorating the soil health, declining productivity and profitability, and climate change and for sustainable intensification of rice–wheat cropping system in MIGP and India 11 , 21 , 23 , 24 , 27 . Our results revealed significant differences in pest populations in different crops after 4–5 years of CA adoption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, CA is an approach to crop production for enhancing and sustaining the production, increasing profits and achieving the food security 18 , 19 . However, many challenges of CA-based production systems still need to be identified and addressed within the regional context to realize the maximum benefits 20 – 23 . Applying CA-based management principles within crop production not only changes soil organic matter (SOM), soil moisture, and nutrient regimes but also shifts the diversity of certain pests 24 – 27 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outburst of pest populations in rice-based cropping systems under conservation agricultural practices in the middle Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia

Kumar

Choudhary

Mishra

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Conservation agriculture (CA), which encompasses minimum soil disturbance, residue retention either through crop residue, or cover crops and crop diversification-based crop management practices can modify the status of pest dynamics and activities under the changing climatic scenarios. CA has been advocated extensively to optimize the use of available resources, maintain the environmental quality, enhance crop productivity, and reduce the climate change impacts. Information related to the impacts of long-term CA-production systems under rice-based cropping systems on pest status is lacking, particularly in middle Indo-Gangetic Plains (MIGP). Under CA, puddling is completely avoided, and rice is directly sown or transplanted to maintain better soil health. Different sets of experimentations including farmers practice, partial CA and full CA (CA) as treatments in rice-based cropping systems, were established from 2009, 2015 and 2016 to understand the long-term impacts of CA on pest dynamics. In this study, direct and indirect effects of tillage (zero, reduced and conventional tillage), residue retention and cropping sequences on abundance and damage by pests were investigated. After 4–5 years of experimentation, populations of oriental armyworm [Mythinma (Leucania) (Pseudaletia) separata (Wlk.)] in wheat, mealybug [Brevennia rehi (Lindinger)] and bandicoot rat [Bandicota bengalensis (Gray)] in rice were found to increase abnormally in CA-based production systems. Conventionally tilled plots had a significant negative effect while residue load in zero-tilled plots had a significant positive effect on larval population build-up of M. separata. Zero tillage had a higher infestation of mealybug (52–91% infested hills) that used grassy weeds (Echinochloa colona, Echinochloa crusgalli, Cynodon dactylon, Leptochloa chinensis and Panicum repense) as alternate hosts. Cropping sequences and no disturbance of soil and grassy weeds had higher live burrow counts (4.2 and 13.7 burrows as compared to 1.47 and 7.53 burrows per 62.5 m2 during 2019–2020 and 2020–2021, respectively) and damaged tillers (3.4%) in CA-based practices. Based on the present study, pest management strategies in CA need to be revisited with respect to tillage, residue retention on soil surface, grassy weeds in field and cropping sequences to deliver the full benefits of CA in MIGP to achieve the sustainable development goals under the climate change scenarios.

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“…The total cost of cultivation (TC) was calculated by taking in to account the variable cost (excluding land rent) including costs of seeds, fertilizer, pesticide, human labour, machines used for land preparation, nursery raising, transplanting, irrigation, fertilizer application, plant protection, weeding, harvesting, and threshing, etc. ; and time required per hectare to complete an individual field activity in each treatment ( Kumar et al, 2021 ). Fixed cost was not considered.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…of India’s labour law (Minimum Wage Act, 1948). Gross returns (GR) were computed by multiplying the grain yield (Mg ha −1 ) of each crop by the minimum support price (MSP) offered by the Government of India for rice (INR 17,500 Mg ha −1 ), wheat (INR 18,400 Mg ha −1 ) and greengram (INR 69,750 Mg ha −1 ), while straw value was calculated using current local market rates ( Kumar et al, 2021 ). Net returns (NR) were calculated as the difference between GR and total cost (TC) (NR = GR-TC).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An impact of agronomic practices of sustainable rice-wheat crop intensification on food security, economic adaptability, and environmental mitigation across eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains

Mishra

Poonia

Kumar

et al. 2021

Field Crops Research

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Comparative assessment of energy flow, carbon auditing and eco-efficiency of diverse tillage systems for cleaner and sustainable crop production in eastern India

Cited by 24 publications

References 40 publications

Sustainability assurance practices: a systematic review and future research agenda

Sustainability assurance practices: a systematic review and future research agenda

Outburst of pest populations in rice-based cropping systems under conservation agricultural practices in the middle Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia

An impact of agronomic practices of sustainable rice-wheat crop intensification on food security, economic adaptability, and environmental mitigation across eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains

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