Comparative assessment of button cells using a normalized index for potential pollution by heavy metals

Moreno-Merino, Luis; Jiménez-Hernández, Maria Emilia; Losa, Almudena de la; Huerta-Muñoz, Virginia

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.068

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…To date, the portable energy demand has been mostly fulfilled with inexpensive primary alkaline and button cell batteries. Unfortunately, these power sources are disposed of after use, sometimes even before being completely depleted, causing significant energy waste and environmental damage if not properly collected and recycled . This is reflected in the percentage of primary batteries that are collected for recycling in Europe: in 2017, approximately 226 000 tons of portable batteries and accumulators were sold in the EU‐28, whereas only about 100 000 tons of waste portable batteries and accumulators were collected for recycling, representing approximately 45 % .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Organic Redox Flow Cell‐Inspired Paper‐Based Primary Battery

et al. 2020

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A portable paper‐based organic redox flow primary battery using sustainable quinone chemistry is presented. The compact prototype relies on the capillary forces of the paper matrix to develop a quasi‐steady flow of the reactants through a pair of porous carbon electrodes without the need of external pumps. Co‐laminar capillary flow allows operation Under mixed‐media conditions, in which an alkaline anolyte and an acidic catholyte are employed. This feature enables higher electrochemical cell voltages during discharge operation and the utilization of a wider range of available species and electrolytes and provides the advantage to form a neutral or near‐neutral pH as the electrolytes neutralize at the absorbent pad, which allows a safe disposal after use. The effects of the device design parameters have been studied to enhance battery features such as power output, operational time, and fuel utilization. The device achieves a faradaic efficiency of up to 98 %, which is the highest reported in a capillary‐based electrochemical power source, as well as a cell capacity of up to 11.4 Ah L−1 cm−2, comparable to state‐of‐the‐art large‐scale redox flow cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Organic Redox Flow Cell‐Inspired Paper‐Based Primary Battery

et al. 2020

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“…Single-use lithium and alkaline batteries are a popular mobile power choice for learners because they are inexpensive, well-documented, and easy to use. However, single-use batteries have a short usable life, have high-polluting potential and are often not recycled [16]. Solar panels can serve as an alternative to single-use batteries in wearable prototypes, either on their own, or in combination with a rechargeable battery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar Scarf

McDermott

Byun

Tiwari

et al. 2021

2021 International Symposium on Wearable Computers

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This project uses a design case study as a vehicle for facilitating solar prototyping practices in artistic and design applications of wearables, particularly within the DIY community. Existing solar educational content primarily focuses on engineering learning outcomes, with limited consideration of the aesthetic relationship between the solar panel and the fabric, or the design possibilities of using multiple panels. This trend differs from work within fashion and design research which considers the aesthetic and usability concerns of integrating solar into wearables. This project seeks to bridge the gap between solar educational content and design research by documenting multiple methods for mounting solar panels to fabric, applied in ways that afford different aesthetic outcomes. The tests culminate in an example project in the form of a scarf with embedded solar panels that power LED messages, a playful system intended to help ease communication difficulties that can arise when wearing face-coverings and masks.

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“…The sensor network usually has numerous nodes that spread over a large area, and it takes a lot of work to change or charge batteries for each node, no matter whether the node is powered by a primary battery or secondary battery. In addition, the abandon of large amounts of batteries will cause serious environmental pollution [11][12][13]. As a result, the investigation of a power supply system that contains renewable energy has attracted many scholars attention, and it is a new trend to introduce multiple renewable energy types and converting mechanisms for improving performance [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-Low Frequency Eccentric Pendulum-Based Electromagnetic Vibrational Energy Harvester

Deng

Zhang

et al. 2020

Micromachines

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With the development of low-power technology in electronic devices, the wireless sensor network shows great potential in applications in health tracing and ocean monitoring. These scenarios usually contain abundant low-frequency vibration energy, which can be collected through appropriate energy conversion architecture; thus, the common issue of limited battery life in wireless sensor devices could be solved. Traditional energy-converting structures such as the cantilever-beam type or spring-mass type have the problem of high working frequency. In this work, an eccentric pendulum-based electromagnetic vibration energy harvester is designed, analyzed, and verified with the finite element analysis method. The pendulum that contains alternative distributed magnets in the outer side works as a rotor and has the advantages of a simple structure and low center frequency. The structure size is well scalable, and the optimal output performance can be obtained by optimizing the coil thickness and width for a given diameter of the energy harvester. The simulation results show that the energy harvester could work in ultra-low frequencies of 0.2–3.0 Hz. A full-scale prototype of the energy harvester is manufactured and tested. The center working frequency is 2.0 Hz with an average output power of 8.37 mW, which has potential for application in driving low-power wireless sensor nodes.

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Comparative assessment of button cells using a normalized index for potential pollution by heavy metals

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

An Organic Redox Flow Cell‐Inspired Paper‐Based Primary Battery

An Organic Redox Flow Cell‐Inspired Paper‐Based Primary Battery

Solar Scarf

Ultra-Low Frequency Eccentric Pendulum-Based Electromagnetic Vibrational Energy Harvester

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