Comparative assessment of a spark ignition engine fueled with gasoline and raw biogas

Hotta, Santosh Kumar; Sahoo, Niranjan; Mohanty, Kaustubha

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2018.09.049

Cited by 58 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Engine running with biogas. Hotta et al [64] explored the use of raw biogas in a stand-alone gasoline SI engine. The single-cylinder engine is tested with both gasoline and raw biogas.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulated Emissions of Biogas Engines—On Site Experimental Measurements and Damage Assessment on Human Health

Macor

Benato

2020

Energies

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Despite biogas renewability, it is mandatory to experimentally assess its combustion products in order to measure their pollutants content. To this purpose, the Authors selected six in-operation biogas plants fed by different substrates and perform an on-site experimental campaign for measuring both biogas and engines exhausts composition. Firstly, biogas measured compositions are compared among them and with data available in literature. Then, biogas engines’ exhaust compositions are compared among them, with data available in literature and with measurements obtained from an engine characterised by the same design power but fuelled with natural gas. Finally, the Health Impact Assessment analysis is used to estimate the damage on human health caused by both biogas and natural gas engines emissions. Results show that biogas causes a damage on human health three times higher than the natural gas one. But, this approach does not consider biogas renewability. So, to include this important aspect, also an analysis which considers Global Warming categories is carried out. Results highlight that natural gas is twice harmful than biogas.

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“…Engine running with biogas. Hotta et al [64] explored the use of raw biogas in a stand-alone gasoline SI engine. The single-cylinder engine is tested with both gasoline and raw biogas.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulated Emissions of Biogas Engines—On Site Experimental Measurements and Damage Assessment on Human Health

Macor

Benato

2020

Energies

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“…The cycle-by-cycle variation in indicated work per cycle can be estimated using coefficient of variance (COV) which can be evaluated by using equations (6) to (8) 28,55,56 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of vertical location of the spark plug on the performance of a raw biogas-fueled variable compression ratio spark ignition engine

Chaudhari

Hotta

Sahoo

et al. 2019

Energy & Environment

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The present experimental investigations deal with the spark plug location and its effect on the performance and emission of a 100% raw biogas-fueled variable compression ratio engine. Different measurements of performance, combustion, and emission parameters are used to analyze the effect of four spark locations protruded inside the clearance volume (viz. 0, 2, 5, and 10 mm). The protrusion of the spark plug by 2 mm is observed to be optimum for compression ratios 8, 9, and 10. For this optimum spark plug location, engine efficiency and fuel economy are found to be higher. Faster combustion, in this particular case, has led to early and higher peak cylinder pressure and burnt gas temperature. Lower emissions of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide have verified the optimality of 2 mm protrusion location of the spark plug for all the compression ratios. Thus, present investigations recommend minor protrusion of the spark plug to assist the combustion process, to enhance the performance and lowering the emission of a biogas-fueled engine.

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“…One of the point of novelty of the proposed work is the on-site measurements of commercially available and in-operation biogas units. A need arising from the fact that the vast majority of published works analyse ICEs' emissions like NO x , CO 2 , PM and unburned hydrocarbons (UHC) adopting lab-scale engines and simulated biogas as fuel (see, e.g., [37][38][39][40]).…”

Section: Engines Emissions Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Human Health Toxicity Assessment of Biogas Engines Regulated and Unregulated Emissions

Macor

Benato

2020

Applied Sciences

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The aim of the work is to evaluate the damage to human health arising from emissions of in-operation internal combustion engines fed by biogas. The need of including also unregulated emissions like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), aldehydes and dioxins and furans is twofold: (i) to cover the lack in biogas engine emissions measurements and (ii) to complete the picture on biogas harmfulness to human health by identifying the substances with the highest impact. To this purpose, an experimental campaign is conducted on six biogas engines and one fed by natural gas all characterised by an electric power of 999 kWel. Collected data are used to perform an impact analysis on human health combining the Health Impact Assessment and the Risk Assessment. Measurements show that PAHs, aldehydes and diossin and furans are almost always below the detection limit, in both biogas and natural gas exhausts. The carcinogenic risk analysis of PAHs for the two fuels established their substantial equivalence. The analysis of equivalent toxicity of dioxins and furans reveals that biogas is, on average, 10 times more toxic than natural gas. Among regulated emissions, NOx in the biogas engines exhausts are three times higher than those of natural gas. They are the main contributors to human health damage, with approximately 90% of the total. SOx ranks second and accounts for about 6% of the total damage. Therefore, (i) the contribution to human health damage of unregulated emissions is limited compared to the damage from unregulated emissions, (ii) the damage per unit of electricity of biogas engines exhausts is about three times higher than that of natural gas and it is directly linked to NOx, (iii) obtaining a good estimation of the human health damage from both biogas and natural gas engines emissions is enough of a reason to consider NOx and SOx.

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Comparative assessment of a spark ignition engine fueled with gasoline and raw biogas

Cited by 58 publications

References 15 publications

Regulated Emissions of Biogas Engines—On Site Experimental Measurements and Damage Assessment on Human Health

Regulated Emissions of Biogas Engines—On Site Experimental Measurements and Damage Assessment on Human Health

Effect of vertical location of the spark plug on the performance of a raw biogas-fueled variable compression ratio spark ignition engine

A Human Health Toxicity Assessment of Biogas Engines Regulated and Unregulated Emissions

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