Comparative Aspects of Pathogenicity of Measles, Canine Distemper, and Rinderpest Viruses

Yamanouchi, Kazuya

doi:10.7883/yoken1952.33.41

Cited by 39 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Measles virus infection produces different forms of clinical course such as natural measles, atypical measles and SSPE (Yamanouchi, 1980). Atypical measles has developed in children immunized by the vaccination program of combined killed and live measles vaccines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SSPE is caused by long persistence in the central nervous system of measles virus, and considered to be a typical slow virus infection (ter Meulen, Katz and Muller, 1973;Morgan and Rapp, 1977;Yamanouchi, 1980). Recent demonstration of lack of antibody response to M protein of measles virus in SSPE patients raised a possibility that functional defect of M protein might be in-volved in the pathogenesis of SSPE (Hall, Lamb, and Choppin, 1979;Wechsler, Weiner and Fields, 1979;Machamer, Hayes and Zweerink, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibody Response to Structural Proteins of Measles Virus in Patients With Natural Measles and Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis

Satô

Hayami

Yamanouchi

1981

JJMSB

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody Response to Structural Proteins of Measles Virus in Patients With Natural Measles and Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis

Satô

Hayami

Yamanouchi

1981

JJMSB

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“…To study the in vivo effects of CNS infection on the MMP/TIMP equilibrium, we have used a mouse model of brain infection employing canine distemper virus (CDV) (8), a potentially neurotropic morbillivirus related to the human measles virus (27,56,63). Replication and persistence of CDV in the CNS result in a biphasic disease (6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morbillivirus Infection of the Mouse Central Nervous System Induces Region-Specific Upregulation of MMPs and TIMPs Correlated to Inflammatory Cytokine Expression

Khuth

Akaoka

Pagenstecher

et al. 2001

J Virol

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Viral infection of the central nervous system (CNS) can result in perturbation of cell-to-cell communication involving the extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM integrity is maintained by a dynamic balance between the synthesis and proteolysis of its components, mainly as a result of the action of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). An MMP/TIMP imbalance may be critical in triggering neurological disorders, in particular in virally induced neural disorders. In the present study, a mouse model of brain infection using a neurotropic strain of canine distemper virus (CDV) was used to study the effect of CNS infection on the MMP/TIMP balance and cytokine expression. CDV replicates almost exclusively in neurons and has a unique pattern of expression (cortex, hypothalamus, monoaminergic nuclei, hippocampus, and spinal cord). Here we show that although several mouse brain structures were infected, they exhibited a differential pattern in terms of MMP, TIMP, and cytokine expression, exemplified by (i) a large increase in pro-MMP9 levels, in particular in the hippocampus, which occurred mainly in neurons and was associated with in situ gelatinolytic activity, (ii) specific and significant upregulation of MT1-MMP mRNA expression in the cortex and hypothalamus, (iii) an MMP/TIMP imbalance, suggested by the upregulation of TIMP-1 mRNA in the cortex, hippocampus, and hypothalamus and of TIMP-3 mRNA in the cortex, and (iv) a concomitant region-specific large increase in expression of Th1-like cytokines, such as gamma interferon, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin 6 (IL-6), contrasting with weaker induction of Th2-like cytokines, such as IL-4 and IL-10. These data indicate that an MMP/TIMP imbalance in specific brain structures, which is tightly associated with a local inflammatory process as shown by the presence of immune infiltrating cells, differentially impairs CNS integrity and may contribute to the multiplicity of late neurological disorders observed in this viral mouse model.

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“…Measles virus (MV) and canine distemper virus (CDV), belonging to the genus Morbillivirus, are highly contagious pathogens causing acute systemic infections (Kempe & Fulginiti, 1965;Appel, 1969) and, rarely, chronic infections involving the central nervous system (CNS) (Yamanouchi, 1980). This variety of clinical manifestations appears to reflect different viruscell interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro and in vivo Properties of the Virus Causing Natural Canine Distemper Encephalitis

Kimoto

1986

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYA group of dogs with naturally occurring canine distemper developed prodromal systemic symptoms followed by neurological disorders. The post-infection courses of these diseases lasted approximately 2 months. A varying degree of demyelination and inclusion body formation was found mostly in the cerebella of virologically confirmed cases with little or no inflammatory response. The distribution of canine distemper virus antigen coincided with the histopathological lesions. The animals had moderate to high neutralizing titres to the virus in their sera and a low level of interferon-like activity in their cerebrospinal fluids. Isolation of viruses was most successful by the cocultivation method for brain specimens, but was possible by the direct method using lung homogenates. In infected Vero cells, the isolates derived from brain caused the formation of distinct plaques consisting of multinucleate giant cells, but the isolates from lung induced a cytopathic effect mainly consisting of cell rounding which eventually spread throughout the culture. The former infection produced less extracellular virus than the latter. The synthesis of the viral surface proteins H and F, and of M, was markedly reduced compared with that of the internal viral proteins such as NP, P and L. The SDS-PAGE migration pattern of the P protein varied from case to case, but was similar when isolates from different tissues of the same case were compared. In the affected tissues, the amount of viral polypeptides decreased markedly relative to that of the NP and there was also an absolute decrease compared to their abundance in Vero cells. This decrease was more obvious in the brain than in the lung. The relevance of these results is discussed.

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Comparative Aspects of Pathogenicity of Measles, Canine Distemper, and Rinderpest Viruses

Cited by 39 publications

References 83 publications

Antibody Response to Structural Proteins of Measles Virus in Patients With Natural Measles and Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis

Antibody Response to Structural Proteins of Measles Virus in Patients With Natural Measles and Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis

Morbillivirus Infection of the Mouse Central Nervous System Induces Region-Specific Upregulation of MMPs and TIMPs Correlated to Inflammatory Cytokine Expression

In vitro and in vivo Properties of the Virus Causing Natural Canine Distemper Encephalitis

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