COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF THE TUNICATE TADPOLE,<i>CIONA INTESTINALIS</i>

Katz, Michael J.

doi:10.2307/1541186

Cited by 196 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Visible inspection of these growing bacterial faces by means of adhesive organs (Katz 1983), which belong to the simple coniform papillae type consisting of glandular and non-secretory cells (Cloney 1977a, b). 0.1 0.5 1 .O The papillae secrete an adhesive (Cloney 1977a) which…”

Section: Biofilmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of the exopolysaccharide of marine Pseudomonas sp. strain S9 for the attachment of Ciona intestinalis larvae

Szewzyk¹,

Holmström²,

Wrangstadh³

et al. 1991

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

105

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Effects of bactenal exopolymers on the attachment of larvae of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis were examined in the laboratory. A marine Pseudomonas sp. (strain S9) which forms and excretes a penpheral exopolysaccharide during energy and nutrient starvation was used as a test organism. The experiments also focused on inhibition of exopolymer excretion and the use of a transposon-generated mutant that was deficient in the release of peripheral exopolymer. Two modes of larval attachment to surfaces coated with bacteria could be distinguished, depending on the amount of peripheral exopolysaccharide present: active attachment by use of the adhesive organs, and passive attachment due to trapping of the larvae in the exopolymer matenal. All larvae underwent metamorphosis and could therefore contribute to population recruitment. A similar increase in the extent of attachment In the presence of peripheral exopolysaccharide could b e observed for both fertilized and non-fertilized eggs. Our findings show that exopolymers produced by bacteria may increase the extent of attachment of C. intestinalis larvae.

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Section: Biofilmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of the exopolysaccharide of marine Pseudomonas sp. strain S9 for the attachment of Ciona intestinalis larvae

Szewzyk¹,

Holmström²,

Wrangstadh³

et al. 1991

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

105

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“…The larvae of ascidians have a dorsal tubular nervous system and a tadpole like body, with a tail supported by an axial notochord (Fig.·1A). The notochord is flanked by rows of muscle cells that are responsible for tail movements such as swimming ( Fig.·1B) (Kowalewsky, 1866;Mast, 1921;Kats, 1983;Bone, 1992). Ascidian tadpoles actively swim by bending their tail with alternating symmetrical contractions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of swimming behaviour in the larva of the ascidianCiona intestinalis

Zega

Thorndyke

Brown

2006

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARY The aim of this study was to characterize the swimming behaviour of C. intestinalis larvae during the first 6 h after hatching by measuring tail muscle field potentials. This recording method allowed a quantitative description of the responses of the larva under light and dark conditions. Three different larval movements were distinguished by their specific frequencies: tail flicks, `spontaneous' swimming, and shadow response, or dark induced activity, with respective mean frequencies of about 10, 22 and 32 Hz. The shadow response develops at about 1.5 h post hatching (h.p.h.). The frequency of muscle potentials associated with this behaviour became higher than those of spontaneous swimming activity, shifting from 20 to 30 Hz, but only from about 2 h.p.h. onwards. Swimming rate was influenced positively for about 25 s after the beginning of the shadow response. Comparison of swimming activity at three different larval ages (0-2, 2-4 and 4-6 h.p.h.) showed that Ciona larvae swim for longer periods and more frequently during the first hours after hatching. Our results provide a starting point for future studies that aim to characterize the nervous control of ascidian locomotion,in wild-type or mutant larvae.

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“…The genes upstream and/or downstream to the Hox function, as well as Hox-independent developmental programs, should also be considered for seeking "difference" between vertebrates and invertebrates, as carefully pointed out by Holland and GarciaFernàndez (1996). In addition, cephalochordate amphioxus and urochordate ascidians belong to the phylum Chordata, together with vertebrates (Kowalevsky, 1866(Kowalevsky, , 1867Garstang, 1928;Katz, 1983). They share many characters with vertebrates, even though their genomes possess a single Hox gene cluster Dehal et al ., 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquisition of Retinoic Acid Signaling Pathway and Innovation of the Chordate Body Plan

Fujiwara

Kawamura

2003

Zoological Science

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-Retinoic acid (RA) regulates many of the chordate-specific and vertebrate-specific characters. These include the anteroposterior pattern of the dorsally located central nervous system, pharynx with gill slits, neural crest cells, limb morphogenesis and anteroposteriorly organized vertebrae. The necessity of endogenous RA and the RA receptor (RAR) has been demonstrated by mutant analyses, vitamin Adeficient animals and various other methods. Since RAR has been identified only in chordates, the acquisition of the RAR-mediated RA signaling pathway is thought to be an important event for the innovation of the chordate body plan. RA-synthesizing aldehyde dehydrogenases and RA-degrading enzymes also seem to be chordate-specific. The expression pattern of these genes in ascidian embryos is similar to that in vertebrate embryos. These results suggest that the RA signaling cascade, with various regulators and modifiers, had been already well established in the common chordate ancestor. RA also regulates morphogenesis during the asexual reproduction of ascidians, suggesting that RA may also have played a part in producing diversity within the chordate groups.

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COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF THE TUNICATE TADPOLE,CIONA INTESTINALIS

Cited by 196 publications

References 89 publications

Relevance of the exopolysaccharide of marine Pseudomonas sp. strain S9 for the attachment of Ciona intestinalis larvae

Relevance of the exopolysaccharide of marine Pseudomonas sp. strain S9 for the attachment of Ciona intestinalis larvae

Development of swimming behaviour in the larva of the ascidianCiona intestinalis

Acquisition of Retinoic Acid Signaling Pathway and Innovation of the Chordate Body Plan

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