“…In addition to the rostrum shape, birds may have variations in the thickness, composition and sensitivity of the keratin sheath that covers the beak (Coles, 2007), which can also influence HU values. The toco toucan has a beak considered a thermoregulatory organ, highly vascularized, composed of cancellous bone and with an extensive and fine trabecular bone network (Cornelissen & Ritchie, 1994; Massari et al., 2020; Tattersall et al., 2017), which justifies the higher negative values compared to other species, both on the maxillary and mandibular rostra. The highest positive values of HU were in buff‐necked ibis in both maxillary and mandibular rostra.…”