Comparative Anatomy and Physiology of Pigment Cells in Nonmammalian Tissues

Bagnara, Joseph T.; Matsumoto, Jiro

doi:10.1002/9780470987100.ch2

Cited by 166 publications

(203 citation statements)

References 234 publications

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“…The spots are formed by specialised chromatophores -melanophores (or melanocytes) -which produce the dark pigment eumelanin (Bagnara 1998). During work with the fourth generation of HR-LR rainbow trout, it became evident that the two strains differed in pigment patterns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanin-based skin spots reflect stress responsiveness in salmonid fish

Kittilsen

Schjolden

Beitnes-Johansen

et al. 2009

Hormones and Behavior

132

122

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This version available http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/7671/ NERC has developed NORA to enable users to access research outputs wholly or partially funded by NERC. Copyright and other rights for material on this site are retained by the authors and/or other rights owners. Users should read the terms and conditions of use of this material at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/policies.html#access This document is the author's final manuscript version of the journal article, incorporating any revisions agreed during the peer review process. Some differences between this and the publisher's version remain. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from this article. www.elsevier.comContact CEH NORA team at nora@ceh.ac.ukThe NERC and CEH trade marks and logos ('the Trademarks') are registered trademarks of NERC in the UK and other countries, and may not be used without the prior written consent of the Trademark owner. Wilson et al. 1994;Réale et al. 2007). Notwithstanding a certain lack of consensus in terminology, the evolution of these analogues of human personality has evoked considerable scientific interest. Among the questions raised are by which mechanisms behavioural syndromes are inherited, how the variation is maintained, which circumstances benefit different complex phenotypes, and what are the costs and benefits of limited plasticity imposed by more or less fixed trait associations (DeWitt et al. 1998;Koolhaas et al. 1999;Sih et al. 2004; Dingemanse and Réale 2005;McElreath et al. 2007;Réale et al. 2007;Wolf et al. 2007). Furthermore, in the barn owl (Tyto Alba) melanin-based colouration is associated with several behavioural, morphological and physiological characteristics that have been linked to stress coping ability (Almasi et al. 2008).Based on observations that HR and LR trout differed in melanin pigmentation our hypothesis was that spotted fish, in the closely related specie Atlantic salmon (Salmo Salar), 5 would show a lower cortisol reponse to stress when compared to a non-spotted group of individuals. Furthermore, several documented changes in the behaviour of the two trout lines made us predict that also behaviour would differ between groups of spotted and non-spotted fish. The main focus of this study was therefore to test the hypothesis that there exist an association between melanin-based pigmentation and hypothalamus-pituitary-interrenal (HPIaxis) reactivity in salmonid fish. Furthermore, we tested the prediction that behavioural differences are present in two groups of fish chosen divergently on melanin pigmentation. Materials and methods Quantification of melanin-based colorationIn the studies described below, photographs of experimental fish were captured with a Canon EOS 450D digital camera and transferred to a computer for further analyses of melanin-based coloration. Prior to photography, each fish were sedated in 200 mg/l MS-222 and placed adjacent to a measuring tape with millimetre resolution, allowing for an accurate estimation of the area where spots were counted. The d...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanin-based skin spots reflect stress responsiveness in salmonid fish

Kittilsen

Schjolden

Beitnes-Johansen

et al. 2009

Hormones and Behavior

132

122

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“…The patterns of danio fishes comprise several different classes of pigment cells, or chromatophores, including: black melanophores, yellow or orange xanthophores, red (Bagnara, 1998;Hirata et al, 2003;Kelsh, 2004;Parichy et al, 2006). This variety of cell types differs from birds and mammals, which exhibit just a single neural crestderived pigment cell, the melanocyte.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of danio pigment pattern development

2006

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Pigment patterns of danio fishes are emerging as a useful system for studying the evolution of developmental mechanisms underlying adult form. Different closely related species within the genera Danio and Devario exhibit a range of pigment patterns including horizontal stripes, vertical bars, and others. In this review, I summarize recent work identifying the genetic and cellular bases for adult pigment pattern formation in the zebrafish Danio rerio, as well as studies of how these mechanisms have evolved in other danios. Together, these analyses highlight the importance of latent precursors at post-embrynoic stages, as well as interactions within and among pigment cell classes, for both pigment pattern development and evolution.

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“…In ectothermic vertebrates including teleosts, pigment cells are derived from neural crest cells and the body pigment patterns result from the spatial arrangements and numbers of various classes of neural crest-derived pigment cells: e.g., black melanophores, yellow xanthophores, and iridescent iridophores, and white leucophores (Bagnara, 1998;Parichy et al, 2006). In flatfish, also the body pigment pattern is formed of these various classes of neural crest-derived pigment cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of adult‐type pigment cells forming the asymmetric pigment pattern, in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

Yamada

Okauchi

Araki

2010

Developmental Dynamics

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The flatfish-specific asymmetric pigment pattern depends on the asymmetric appearance of adult-type pigment cells after the late metamorphic stages. To understand the mechanism enabling the formation of this asymmetric pattern, we investigated the behavior of pigment cell latent precursors in postembryonic Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, by analysis of the expression patterns of pigment lineage markers (colony stimulating factor 1 receptor, dopachrome tautomerase, kit) and the DiI (DiO) labeling test for latent precursors. We found that, throughout the larval stages, pigment cell latent precursors were predominantly localized along the dorsal and ventral margins of the flank symmetrically and migrated continuously from these regions to the lateral sides symmetrically, and after late metamorphic stages these precursors differentiated into adult-type pigment cells on the lateral side asymmetrically. We conclude that adult-type pigment cells that form the asymmetric pigment pattern are continuously derived from the dorsal and ventral margins of the flank during larval development. Developmental Dynamics 239:3147-3162,

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Comparative Anatomy and Physiology of Pigment Cells in Nonmammalian Tissues

Cited by 166 publications

References 234 publications

Melanin-based skin spots reflect stress responsiveness in salmonid fish

Melanin-based skin spots reflect stress responsiveness in salmonid fish

Evolution of danio pigment pattern development

Origin of adult‐type pigment cells forming the asymmetric pigment pattern, in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

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