Comparative Analysis of Thermal Management Architectures to Address Evolving Thermal Requirements of Aircraft Systems

Aircraft thermal management: Practices, technology, system architectures, future challenges, and opportunities

“…This impedes effective heat transfer. In some cases, the temperature also needs to be controlled accurately and cooled surfaces are sometimes required to have isothermal temperature distributions [86].…”

Parameter Tuning of a Vapor Cycle System for a Surveillance Aircraft

“…The working fluid in VCS undergoes a phase change and therefore VCS have higher transfer rates than non-phase changing cooling systems making them more efficient in weight and volume [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Another benefit of VCS is that two-phase systems use the latent heat of vaporization of the working fluid for heat dissipation and rejection, unlike a single-phase system that uses sensible heat [7,13]. Further, VCS have successfully been used on operational aircraft.…”

“…m, h suction , h discharge , the required power, P to compress the gas can be obtained using the energy balance of the compressor given by P = . m refrigerant h discharge − h suction (13) • The real power consumption of a compressor is typically slightly higher than the value computed using Equation ( 12), and η mech obtained from empirical data is used to characterize it. The losses captured in η mech are the power provided to the compressor via the rotational shaft that does not reach the compressed gas due to internal friction and heat transfer from the gas to the solid parts of the compressor.…”