Comparative analysis of the structure, suberin and wax composition and key gene expression in the epidermis of ‘Dangshansuli’ pear and its russet mutant

Heng, Wei; HaiNa, Huang; Li, Fēi; Hou, Zhaoqi; Zhu, Li

doi:10.1007/s11738-017-2443-4

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In many fruit crop species, triterpenes dominate the wax fraction. For example, ursolic acid dominates in apples [ 57 ], in sweet cherries [ 24 ] and in peaches [ 58 ], whereas amyrins ( α -, β -type) dominate in pears [ 59 ]. Second, the secondary alcohol nonacosane-10-ol is absent in strawberries, but is a typical wax constituent of fruit waxes in the CMs of the Rosaceae family [ 60 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Third, characteristic of strawberry wax are esters ranging from C38 to C46. These are found in smaller quantities in apples [ 61 ] but not in sweet cherries [ 24 ], peaches [ 58 ] or pears [ 59 ] The alkanes found in strawberry wax are dominated by C27, C29 and C31 chain lengths, similar to those of Gaultheria mucronata [ 62 ] , Nicandra physalodes , Physalis peruviana and Physalis ixocarpa [ 63 ]. The decrease of wax mass per unit surface area in strawberry results primarily from decreases in alkanes, primary alcohols and esters caused by straining of the CM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cuticle deposition ceases during strawberry fruit development

Straube,

Hurtado,

Zeisler-Diehl

et al. 2024

BMC Plant Biol

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Background Ideally, the barrier properties of a fruit’s cuticle persist throughout its development. This presents a challenge for strawberry fruit, with their rapid development and thin cuticles. The objective was to establish the developmental time course of cuticle deposition in strawberry fruit. Results Fruit mass and surface area increase rapidly, with peak growth rate coinciding with the onset of ripening. On a whole-fruit basis, the masses of cutin and wax increase but on a unit surface-area basis, they decrease. The decrease is associated with marked increases in elastic strain. The expressions of cuticle-associated genes involved in transcriptional regulation (FaSHN1, FaSHN2, FaSHN3), synthesis of cutin (FaLACS2, FaGPAT3) and wax (FaCER1, FaKCS10, FaKCR1), and those involved in transport of cutin monomers and wax constituents (FaABCG11, FaABCG32) decreased until maturity. The only exceptions were FaLACS6 and FaGPAT6 that are presumably involved in cutin synthesis, and FaCER1 involved in wax synthesis. This result was consistent across five strawberry cultivars. Strawberry cutin consists mainly of C16 and C18 monomers, plus minor amounts of C19, C20, C22 and C24 monomers, ω-hydroxy acids, dihydroxy acids, epoxy acids, primary alcohols, carboxylic acids and dicarboxylic acids. The most abundant monomer is 10,16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid. Waxes comprise mainly long-chain fatty acids C29 to C46, with smaller amounts of C16 to C28. Wax constituents are carboxylic acids, primary alcohols, alkanes, aldehydes, sterols and esters. Conclusion The downregulation of cuticle deposition during development accounts for the marked cuticular strain, for the associated microcracking, and for their high susceptibility to the disorders of water soaking and cracking.

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