Comparative analysis of the environmental impact of conventional and precision spring wheat fertilization under various meteorological conditions

Jovarauskas, Darius; Steponavičius, Dainius; Kemzūraitė, Aurelija; Zinkevičius, Remigijus; Venslauskas, Kęstutis

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113150

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The energy input flow of agricultural production is divided into two main groups, i.e., direct and indirect energy inputs. Direct inputs include human, fuel, and electricity inputs, while indirect inputs include energy used to produce fertilizers and pesticides and other chemicals, seeds, and machinery energy inputs [10,35]. The most used energy inputs in the assessment of agricultural production and milking technologies are calculated per unit area (hectare).…”

Section: Energy Input Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are particularly important for barley, and their levels have a direct effect on plant growth, development, and final yield, so the optimal provision of these nutrients is essential [9]. When assessing fertilizer efficiency, not only is the yield of the plant considered, but so too are the energy and environmental aspects [10]. Thus, an important challenge is to effectively manage crop fertilization to simultaneously ensure farm profitability and product quality, while minimizing nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus losses through leaching to groundwater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy and Environmental Assessment of Bacteria-Inoculated Mineral Fertilizer Used in Spring Barley Cultivation Technologies

Anušauskas,

Grigas,

Lekavičienė

et al. 2024

Agriculture

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In the scientific literature there is a lack of information on the integrated effect of bioenriched complex mineral fertilizers in the energy and environmental aspects of spring barley production technology. The aim of this study was to validate the type of phosphorus-releasing bacteria and to carry out an energy and environmental assessment of the use of mineral fertilizers enriched with them for barley fertilization. The experimental field studies (2020–2022) were carried out in open ground on sandy loam soil in southern Lithuania. Four barley cultivation technologies (SC) were applied. Control (SC–1) did not use complex mineral fertilizers; in SC–2, 300 kg ha−1 of N5P20.5K36 fertilizer was applied. In SC–3, the same fertilizer was enriched with a bacterial inoculant (Paenibacillus azotofixans, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mucilaginosus, and Bacillus mycoides) at a rate of 150 kg ha−1, and in SC–4, 300 kg ha−1 of N5P20.5K36 fertilizer were applied and the same enrichment with the bacterial inoculant was carried out. The results confirmed the hypothesis that spring barley cultivation technologies using bacterial inoculants (SC–3 and SC–4) have higher mineral fertilizer efficiency than SC–2. In all three years, the bacterial inoculant had a positive effect on phosphorus fertilizer efficiency. In SC–4 (2020) it was 8%, in 2021—7%, and in 2022—even 17% higher compared to SC–2. In terms of energy balance, a significant influence of the bacterial inoculant was found. In 2020 and 2021, the energy balance of SC–4 was 10%, and in 2022, 22.8% higher compared to SC–2. The increase in fertilizer use efficiency resulted in a positive environmental impact, with greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions decreasing by 10% in 2020, 15% in 2021, and 19% in 2022 when comparing SC–4 and SC–2. The use of the tested bacterial formulations, without changing the mineral fertilizer rate, can lead to an average reduction in GHG emissions of about 15%. This study demonstrates that enriching mineral fertilizers with specific bacterial inoculants for spring barley cultivation significantly enhances phosphorus efficiency, improves energy balance, and reduces greenhouse gas emissions, underscoring the potential for bioaugmented fertilizers to optimize agricultural sustainability.

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Section: Energy Input Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy and Environmental Assessment of Bacteria-Inoculated Mineral Fertilizer Used in Spring Barley Cultivation Technologies

Anušauskas,

Grigas,

Lekavičienė

et al. 2024

Agriculture

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“…The depletion of natural resources, energy consumption, and environmental problems associated with fertilizer production processes and fertilizer use are driving a shift towards more sustainable resources [ 1 , 2 ]. Intensive tillage and the heavy use of mineral fertilizers and chemical plant protection products cause imbalances in the biological processes that take place in soil, leading to declines in soil quality [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Bacteria-Inoculated Mineral Fertilizer on the Productivity and Profitability of Spring Barley Cultivation

Anušauskas

Steponavičius

Romaneckas

et al. 2023

Plants

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The heavy use of mineral fertilizers causes imbalances in the biological processes that take place in soil. Therefore, it is necessary to develop more effective fertilizers or fertilizer complexes that ensure agricultural productivity and soil conservation. There is currently a lack of knowledge regarding the effectiveness of biologically enriched, complex mineral fertilizers for spring barley fertilization. The hypothesis of this study was that bacteria-enriched (Paenibacillus azotofixans, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mucilaginosus, and Bacillus mycoides), complex mineral fertilizers (N5P20.5K36) have significant impacts on the yield and potential for economic use of spring barley. Experimental studies were carried out for three years (2020–2022) with sandy loam soil in southern Lithuania. Four different spring barley fertilization scenarios (SCs) were investigated. In SC-1 (control), complex mineral fertilizer (N5P20.5K36) was not applied. In the other SCs, spring barley was sown with a drill and fertilizers were incorporated locally during the sowing operation: fertilization scenario SC-2 used 300 kg ha−1, SC-3 used 150 kg ha−1 preceded by a bacteria-inoculated complex mineral fertilizer (N5P20.5K36), and SC-4 used 300 kg ha−1 with the same bacterial complex. The results showed that the bacterial inoculant increased the efficiency of the mineral fertilizer and had an effect on plant growth in barley. For three consecutive years in the same plots, the bacterial inoculant showed significant positive effects on grain yield (changes of 8.1% in 2020, 6.8% in 2021, and 17.3% in 2022 between SC-2 and SC-4). Comparing the several different fertilizer scenarios from an economic point of view, it was observed that the highest profit per hectare was obtained with SC-4 in all three years of the study. Comparing SC-4 and SC-2, an increase of 13.7% was observed in 2020, followed by 9.1% and 41.9% in 2021 and in 2022, respectively. This study will be useful for farmers, biological inoculant manufacturers, and scientists researching the effectiveness of biological inoculants for growing agricultural crops. We found that it is possible to increase the yield of barley (7–17%) using the same rate of mineral fertilization by enriching it with bacterial inoculants. Further studies should be conducted to determine the effects of the bacterial inoculant on crop yield and soil over a period longer than 3 years.

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“…Precision fertilization is a modern agricultural technology based on soil nutrient status, crop fertilizer requirement, and target grain yield, regulating the fertilization mode of N, P, and K, to improve NUE and obtain the maximum crop yield as well as economic and ecological environmental benefits (10,11). With the development of information technology, 3S technology, mainly including geographic information system (GIS), remotesensing technology (RS), and global positioning system (GPS), has been widely used in the field of agricultural precision fertilization (12)(13)(14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Variation Characteristics and Driving Factors of Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Wheat–Rice Rotation Systems in the Taihu Lake Region

Lu¹,

Ma²,

Yu³

et al. 2021

Front. Soil Sci.

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During the past three decades, a large amount of nitrogen (N) fertilizers has been applied in the rice and wheat rotation system in the Taihu Lake region of southern China to achieve high yield, resulting in low N use efficiency (NUE). China is implementing the national strategy “fertilizer reduction with efficiency increase” to solve the serious ecological problems caused by excessive fertilization. However, the effects of N fertilizer reduction on soil fertility and their integrated effect on NUE of rice–wheat rotation systems in the Taihu Lake region are not fully understood. In this study, test fields with different soil-fertility qualities were selected in typical rice–wheat areas in the Taihu Lake region to perform a 2-year rice–wheat N fertilizer effect test to obtain the comprehensive quantitative relationship among the integrated fertility index (IFI), nitrogen application level (NA), and NUE. Through the investigation and spatial analysis of NA and IFI in the study area in 2003 and 2017, the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of NA and IFI in the study area in the past 15-year period were obtained, and this information was spatially coupled with the comprehensive quantitative relationship model of NUE to reveal the variation characteristics and driving factors of NUE in the study area. The result shows that the wheat and rice NA in the study area in 2017 increased by 35.5 and 8.4%, respectively, compared with 2003. Due to excessive fertilization, the soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of cultivated land in the study area in 2017 was greater than that in 2003, especially soil-available phosphorus and potassium contents, whereas soil organic matter (SOM) content was reduced. The cultivated land IFI of the study area as a whole increased by 7.2% in the 15-year period. The NUE of rice and wheat rotation increased by 5.8% in 2017 compared with that of 2003 due to the improvement in crop varieties and N fertilizer yield benefits. The increases of NA and IFI both have negative correlations with the NUE improvement, and the NA increase has a greater impact. In addition, the terrain, soil type, texture, and parent material also affect the soil nutrient-preserving capability and, thus, affect the spatial variation of IFI and NUE improvement. These factors have greater influence on NUE improvement of wheat than rice. This study provides a novel and effective method for analyzing the spatial-temporal variation characteristics of NUE in the rice–wheat system and is conducive to guide precise fertilization and N fertilizer reduction based on the spatial analysis of NA with IFI and NUE.

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Comparative analysis of the environmental impact of conventional and precision spring wheat fertilization under various meteorological conditions

Cited by 10 publications

References 69 publications

Energy and Environmental Assessment of Bacteria-Inoculated Mineral Fertilizer Used in Spring Barley Cultivation Technologies

Energy and Environmental Assessment of Bacteria-Inoculated Mineral Fertilizer Used in Spring Barley Cultivation Technologies

The Influence of Bacteria-Inoculated Mineral Fertilizer on the Productivity and Profitability of Spring Barley Cultivation

Spatiotemporal Variation Characteristics and Driving Factors of Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Wheat–Rice Rotation Systems in the Taihu Lake Region

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