Comparative analysis of the antimicrobial potential of stem and fruit extracts of Calotropis procera

Bello, Sharafa A; Ayofe, Tawakalt Adedayo; Yakub, Mohammed Faridat; Jamiu, Abdullahi Temitope

doi:10.4103/pr.pr_58_20

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 30 publications

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“…Numerous fungal disease management alternatives have been implemented to manage plant pathogenic fungi (Carmona-Hernandez et al, 2019;O'Brien, 2017;Varo et al, 2017). Agrochemicals provide rapid effects on phytopathogens but cause risks to human health and environment (Jabeen et al, 2013;Bello et al, 2020;Etaware, 2019). In our study, C. procera has shown significant effect on P. sojae and S. sclerotiorum even at low concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antagonism of Plant Pathogens by Calotropis procera

Cardoso¹,

Martins²,

Souza³

et al. 2021

JAS

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Phomopsis sojae and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum are responsible for stem and pod dryness and white mold in soybean. These pathologies directly affect the quality of seeds/grains and compromise the entire plant. The use of extracts from different plants has been the subject of research for the control of several phytopathogens. Calotropis procera is among botanical species that synthesize efficient compounds for biocontrol. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of C. procera aqueous extract on P. sojae and S. sclerotiorum. The experiment was carried out in completely randomized blocks in a 2 × 5 factorial scheme (two fungi and five extract concentrations 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) with 4 replicates. C. procera aqueous extract concentrations were added to Petri dishes containing PDA. After 48 hours, the mycelial growth rate was evaluated. After seven days of incubation, the fungal colony area, sporulation, and germination of P. sojae and S. sclerotiorum were evaluated. There was significant interaction between fungi × extract concentrations (p < 0.05) for all variables analyzed. The mycelial growth rate of P. sojae was lower than that of S. sclerotiorum. The diameter of the P. sojae fungal colony was smaller than that of S. sclerotiorum when concentrations of 5%, 10% and 15% were used. As the extract concentration increased, fungi sporulation and germination reduced.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antagonism of Plant Pathogens by Calotropis procera

Cardoso¹,

Martins²,

Souza³

et al. 2021

JAS

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Evaluation of Phytochemical Constituents and Antimicrobial Activity of Calotropis procera Root Extract against some Pathogenic Microorganisms in Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria

Shitu, A. S.,

Salisu, Z. N.,

Johnson, A. A.

2024

UJMR

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Study’s Novelty/Excerpt This study evaluates the antimicrobial potential of Calotropis procera root extracts, traditionally used in Nigerian medicine, by scientifically validating their therapeutic properties. The research identified various phytochemical constituents, including tannin, saponin, alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, and reducing sugars, with terpenoids uniquely present in the aqueous extract. The significant antimicrobial activity observed, particularly with the chloroform extract showing the largest inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus, underscores the potential of C. procera roots as a rich source of bioactive compounds for developing alternative treatments for infectious diseases. Full Abstract Calotropis procera has been traditionally used for medicinal purposes in Nigeria, with various parts of the plant utilized by traditional healers without scientific validation of their therapeutic properties. Therefore, this study sought to assess the phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial efficacy of root extracts from C. procera against pathogenic microorganisms. The extraction of C. procera roots was carried out using aqueous, chloroform, and n-hexane solvents, and the qualitative analysis of the phytochemical constituents was conducted following standard procedures. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus flavus through the agar well diffusion method. Phytochemical screening identified the presence of tannin, saponin, alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, and reducing sugars in all extracts, with terpenoids exclusively found in the aqueous extract and cardiac glycosides absent in all extracts. The extracts demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity against all tested pathogens, with the chloroform extract exhibiting the largest inhibition zone (23.50±0.38 mm) against S. aureus, while the n-hexane extract displayed the smallest inhibition zone (6.38±0.52 mm) against A. flavus. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined as 25 mg/ml for the chloroform extract against S. aureus and S. typhi, and 50 mg/ml for both aqueous and n-hexane extracts against K. pneumoniae and C. albicans. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was established at 100 mg/ml for S. aureus, S. typhi, and all extracts. The root extracts of C. procera exhibited promising antimicrobial effects against S. aureus and S. typhi, indicating its potential as a rich source of bioactive compounds and a viable alternative to antibiotics for treating infectious diseases.

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Potential of Endophytic Fungi to Reduce Calotropis Procera Leaves Toxicity in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Najjar¹,

Alharbi²,

Bohkari³

et al. 2021

Pharmacophore

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Calotropis procera (Ushar) leaves are frequently used in traditional medicine to treat several diseases. However, the plant contains toxic compounds rendering it unsafe material. Hence, the objective of this study was to treat C. procera dried leaves powder by bioprospecting for fungal endophytes to be a safe applications. Three selected fungal isolates including Cladosporium sphaerospermum, Cochliobolus lunata and Cochliobolus sp.were used for the reduction of C. procera dried leaves powder toxicity. Sporulation of each of these fungi was increased in the presence of 2 g more than 1 g of dried leaves powder in PDB media at 25°C within 4 weeks of incubation. Also, C. sphaerospermum, Cochliobolus sp., and C. lunata were tested for their ability to reduce the toxicity of C. procera dried leaves powder by using thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Only C. sphaerospermum showed the ability to reduce the Calactin toxin presented in powdered leaves Furthermore, the toxicity test of dried leaves powder treated by C. sphaerospermum showed significant (100%) survival of the adult earthworm Lumbricusrubellus compared to the negative control, which induced 100% mortality of worms. These results were also comparable with C. sphaerospermum powdered mycelium, which showed no signs of toxicity. It can be concluded that fungal endophytes such as C. sphaerospermum are promising candidates for eliminating leaves toxicity.

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Comparative analysis of the antimicrobial potential of stem and fruit extracts of Calotropis procera

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Antagonism of Plant Pathogens by Calotropis procera

Antagonism of Plant Pathogens by Calotropis procera

Evaluation of Phytochemical Constituents and Antimicrobial Activity of Calotropis procera Root Extract against some Pathogenic Microorganisms in Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria

Potential of Endophytic Fungi to Reduce Calotropis Procera Leaves Toxicity in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

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