Comparative Analysis of Spatial Distribution of Cholera by Temporal Fragments from 2000 to 2018

Abstract

Cholera is caused by V .cholerae (serogroups O1 and O139) and has a close relationship with socio-environmental conditions, especially basic sanitation. Analytical methodologies for collecting quantitative data on health indicators are widely used to support epidemiological surveillance actions in human health. This work aims to verify the fluctuation of the spatial distribution of cholera in the world, by temporal fragments, between 2000 and 2018. During the analyzed period, approximately 5.3 billion cases with 75.6 thousand deaths occurred, with emphasis on the regions of Africa, South Asia, and the Caribbean, showing that the disease is still a serious public health problem, especially in populations in precarious situations. Although the methodology employed in this study presents practical obstacles of underreporting and integration between the different collection platforms, it is an important tool in the construction of health surveillance measures for infectious diseases.