Comparative Analysis of Smoking as a Risk Factor among Renal Cell Carcinoma Histological Subtypes

Patel, Neel; Attwood, Kristopher; Hanzly, Michael; Creighton, Terrance; Mehedint, Diana; Schwaab, Thomas; Kauffman, Eric

doi:10.1016/j.juro.2015.03.125

Cited by 36 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, the prevalence of the clear cell subtype was not higher among women compared with men in our study population in Japan, which partly coincides with the result from South Korea . Studies imply potential pathways of group‐based differences in the risk for the clear cell subtype via obesity, smoking, hypertension, and end‐stage renal disease in combination with genetic factors (APOL1 gene) . Since obesity and smoking habits are far less common among Asian women compared with their counterparts in Western countries, the flat “gradient” of sex difference in the clear cell subtype seems plausible as an explanation for the discrepancy between the results obtained from Western and Asian countries.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Differences in female lifestyle and behavioral risks (obesity and smoking) between Western countries and Japan may underlie our observed sex difference in RCC histology of the clear cell subtype, which differs from the pattern seen in Western countries . Although the prevalence of the clear cell subtype varies across populations and regions, studies in the United States and Europe consistently suggest a higher prevalence of the clear cell subtype among women, by approximately 2% to 7% .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…12,13 Sex differences in RCC histology, particularly in the clear cell subtype, may be partly attributed to lifestyle and behavioral factors such as obesity, 15 which is generally more prevalent in women than men across most countries, 16 and smoking. 17 However, compared with men, RCC prognosis has been reported to be better among women (HR 0.92) even though the clear cell subtype, which has a more unfavorable prognosis, was more prevalent among women. 11 Other female clinicopathological features (lower pathological grade, earlier stage of detection, and higher prevalence of chromophobe subtype) linked to favorable prognosis may underlie these paradoxical sex differences in RCC histology and survival.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, among all incident RCC, the papillary subtype tends to be approximately 0.5 to 0.6 times less prevalent, but the chromophobe subtype tends to be approximately 1.6 to 2.3 times more prevalent among women compared with men . Sex differences in RCC histology, particularly in the clear cell subtype, may be partly attributed to lifestyle and behavioral factors such as obesity, which is generally more prevalent in women than men across most countries, and smoking . However, compared with men, RCC prognosis has been reported to be better among women (HR 0.92) even though the clear cell subtype, which has a more unfavorable prognosis, was more prevalent among women .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex‐specific analysis of renal cell carcinoma histology and survival in Japan: A population‐based study 2004 to 2016

Zaitsu

Toyokawa

Takeuchi

et al. 2019

Health Science Reports

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Background and aims In Western countries, sex differences in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) histology and survival have been previously described: compared with men, clear cell subtype is more common but overall prognosis is better among women. The goal of the present study was to examine sex differences in RCC histology and survival in Japan, using a large‐scale population‐based data set. Methods With the use of a population‐based cancer registry in Japan (2004‐2016), patients with primary RCC were followed for 5 years (median follow‐up time 2.1 years). We distinguished histological subtypes of clear cell, papillary, and chromophobe from “others” subtype. Sex‐specific prevalence ratio (PR) for each histological subtype was estimated by Poisson regression with robust variance, adjusted for age and year of diagnosis. Sex‐specific survival rates were estimated by Cox proportional hazard regression, adjusted for age, year of diagnosis, histological subtypes, and other prognostic variables, with multiple imputation. Results The prevalence of clear cell and “others” subtypes was similar between men and women among all the 5265 study subjects during the 12 years of study (clear cell, male 88.6% vs female 87.1%; “others“, male 5.3% vs female 5.3%). However, papillary subtype was less common among women than men (male 4.6% vs female 2.8%; PR = 0.63; 95% CI, 0.45‐0.88), while chromophobe subtype was more common among women (male 1.6% vs female 4.8%; PR = 3.18; 95% CI, 2.26‐4.47). Although “others” subtype (but not papillary/chromophobe subtypes) independently predicted prognosis (HR = 1.74; 95% CI, 1.32‐2.30), no sex differences were observed in RCC survival. Conclusion We did not observe a statistically significant difference in the prevalence of clear cell subtype between men and women in Japan, which differs from the pattern previously described in Western countries. Sex differences in RCC histology may not affect RCC survival in this population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Sex‐specific analysis of renal cell carcinoma histology and survival in Japan: A population‐based study 2004 to 2016

Zaitsu

Toyokawa

Takeuchi

et al. 2019

Health Science Reports

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“…20,21 With respect to histological RCC subtype, a prospective study comparing the relationship between smoking and RCC subtypes demonstrated that active smoking was significantly more common with clear cell (23%) and papillary RCC (26%) than benign histology (14%) and chromophobe RCC (6%). 22 Individuals who are current smokers or have a history of tobacco exposure present with more aggressive forms of RCC and experience worst cancer-specific survival and overall survival. In the USA, tobacco exposure is associated with higher pathological tumor, lymph node, and metastasis classification.…”

Section: Cigarette Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal cell carcinoma: links and risks

Kabaria¹,

Klaassen²,

Terris³

2016

IJNRD

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This review provides an overview of the incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and a summary of the most commonly associated risk factors. A literature review was performed with a focus on recent studies with a high level of evidence (large prospective cohort studies and meta-analyses). The incidence rate of RCC varies globally, with the rate rising rapidly in more developed regions, demonstrating the effects of increased use of diagnostic imaging and prevalence of modifiable risk factors. Based on the current evidence, cigarette smoking, obesity, and hypertension are the most well-established risk factors for sporadic RCC worldwide. Acquired cystic kidney disease is also a significant risk factor, specifically in dialysis patients. There is increasing evidence for an inverse association between RCC risk and moderate alcohol consumption. Certain analgesics and occupational exposure have been linked to an increased risk of RCC, although data are limited. Diets rich in fruits and vegetables may provide a protective effect.

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Patterns of distant metastases in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma––A population‐based analysis

Xue

Chen

et al. 2020

Cancer Medicine

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We developed this study to describe the patterns of distant metastasis (DM) and explore the predictive and prognostic factors of DM in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients. We collected the eligible patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) database from 2010 to 2015. Then, comparisons of baseline characteristics between patients in different metastatic patterns were made. In addition, proportional mortality ratios (PMRs) and proportion trends of different patterns were calculated. Afterward, survival outcomes were explored by Kaplan–Meier (KM) analyses. Finally, predictive and prognostic factors of DM were investigated. A total of 33,449 ccRCC patients were eventually identified, including 2931 patients with DM and 30,518 patients without DM. 8.76% of patients suffered DM at their initial diagnosis, 35.01% of them had multiple metastases. Generally, lung (6.19%) was the most common metastatic site in patients with DM, and brain (1.20%) was the least frequent metastatic organ. The proportion trends of different metastatic patterns tended to be stable between 2010 and 2015. Moreover, higher tumor grade, T stage, and N stage were identified as risk factors of DM. Finally, age at diagnosis, grade, T stage, N stage, the administration of surgery, the number of metastatic sties, marital status, and household income were found to be significantly associated with prognosis. Lung was the most common metastatic site in ccRCC patients. Different survival outcomes and prognostic factors were identified for different metastatic patterns. Hence, our study would have great value for clinical practice in the future.

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Comparative Analysis of Smoking as a Risk Factor among Renal Cell Carcinoma Histological Subtypes

Abstract: Traditional understanding of smoking as a renal cell carcinoma risk factor applies to clear cell and papillary renal cell carcinoma but not the chromophobe subtype. These findings underscore distinct carcinogenic mechanisms underlying the various renal cell carcinoma subtypes.

Cited by 36 publications

References 25 publications

Sex‐specific analysis of renal cell carcinoma histology and survival in Japan: A population‐based study 2004 to 2016

Sex‐specific analysis of renal cell carcinoma histology and survival in Japan: A population‐based study 2004 to 2016

Renal cell carcinoma: links and risks

Patterns of distant metastases in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma––A population‐based analysis

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