Comparative analysis of serum lipid profiles in patients with and without gallstones: A prospective cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objectives Gallbladder disease is one of the most common diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Various studies have shown an association between gallstones and an alteration in the serum lipids. The objective of this study was to compare serum lipid profile of gallstone patients with the controls. Methods This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Surgical Department of the Services Institute of Medical Sciences from August 2017 to August 2018. A total of 50 patients were included in the study after screening through the inclusion criteria. A control group of 50 inpatients with no personal or family history of gallstones were also recruited for comparison. Results were expressed as mean with standard deviation. Students t-test was used to compare the data between the patients and the control groups (p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant). SPSS software, version 20 was used for statistical analysis. Results The mean age of the patients was 40.90 years and that of controls was 34.74 years. 46 patients were females and 44 controls were females. The serum cholesterol levels were high in the patients as compared to the controls but the comparison was not statistically significant. Serum triglycerides levels were high in the patients as compared to the controls and the analysis was statistically significant. Furthermore, the serum HDL levels were low in the patients as compared to the controls with a statistically significant p-value. However, the serum LDL levels were low in the patients as compared to the control group. Conclusion It was concluded that serum triglyceride levels and serum HDL levels were statistically significant in gallstone patients and there was a positive correlation between these parameters and gallstone disease.

Environmental and Lifestyle Risk Factors in the Carcinogenesis of Gallbladder Cancer

“…Conversely, low serum HDL levels did not affect the occurrence of cholesterol gallstones [109]. In addition, Wang et al showed that patients with increased plasma levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-c, LDL-c, and apolipoprotein B (APOB), also showed a significantly higher recurrence of gallstones compared to control patients [110], which was similar to those results found by Hayat et al, who showed that patients with gallstones had significantly higher plasma levels of triglycerides and HDL-c than the control patients [20]. All these data reaffirm the idea that high plasma levels of cholesterol and other lipids induce gallstone formation and, therefore, are heavily involved in the subsequent development of GBC.…”

“…In those cases of multiple publications regarding the same topic, we consider only the most relevant studies. We identified one retrospective [17], five prospective [15,16,[18][19][20], nine meta-analyses [9,13,14,[21][22][23][24][25][26], eleven case-control [3,4,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34], and two Mendelian randomization [35,36] studies. Other additional sources of information consisted of experimental studies and review articles.…”

A computer study of the risk of cholesterol gallstone associated with obesity and normal weight

“…Hypothetically, this can be achieved by lowering the a 1 parameter, which determines the amount of cholesterol transported with bile from the liver, but this change is difficult to achieve from the current state of knowledge. However, by using a TG-lowering diet, we can reduce the risk of gallstone formation 11 , 22 because it lowers the cholesterol absorption from the intestines in the form of chylomicrons (from the diet and from the membranes of dead enterocytes), owing to which the a 1 / a 2 ratio increases toward maintaining normal total cholesterol. The obtained results show the benefit of the reduction of enterohepatic circulation in obese people, which can be achieved in different ways: inhibition of ChA synthesis, increasing the duration of gall bladder emptying, reducing the amount of bile released during gall bladder contraction, and increasing its elimination with feces.…”

Physical Activity Modulating Lipid Metabolism in Gallbladder Diseases

“…symptomatic gallstones), decreased physical activity, high BMI, cigarette smoking, and higher diastolic blood pressure increased the risk for clinical gallbladder disease [86]. Dyslipidemia is frequent in gallstone patients, who often have lower serum HDL and higher triglycerides levels, as compared to healthy control subjects [87]. A prior study involving inactive persons, marathoners and joggers found that physical activity levels were inversely associated with serum triglycerides [88].…”