Comparative Analysis of Physio-Biochemical Responses to Cold Stress in Tetraploid and Hexaploid Wheat

Abstract

The cellular changes induced by cold stress (CS) include responses that lead to oxidative stress and limits plant growth, metabolism, and productivity. In this study, responses of physio-biochemical to CS phases were comparatively studied in three genotypes of bread and durum wheats differing in sensitivity, two of them (Norstar, bread wheat and Gerdish, durum wheat) were tolerant to CS and the other one, SRN (durum wheat) was sensitive to CS. 14-day-old seedlings were subjected to CS (12 and 24 h) with or without cold acclimation (CA) phase. During CS, the elevated levels of electrolyte leakage index, contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde in Norstar and Gerdish were lower than that of SRN plants. Positive correlation and co-regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging systems, superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, and proline especially after CA phase suggested crucial role for holding back toxic ROS levels in CS phase. However, different activities of this system resulted in different intensities of oxidative stress in acclimated and non-acclimated plants. Our results showed that a CA phase induced oxidative stress tolerance by modulating antioxidative systems. These responses confirmed the existence of wide range of genetic capacity in durum wheat to increase cold tolerance particularly in Gerdish so that the sensitivity of SRN plants to CS was linearly correlated with the more decrease of antioxidant systems. These general responses may be a sign for associating other metabolites or enzymes activities to create partly tolerance against cold-induced oxidative stress. Eventually, assessing the dynamic of cell responses in short intervals after CS without CA phases profitably could be a novel path in plant stress response investigations in a short period of time.

Do diverse wheat genotypes unleash their biochemical arsenal differentially to conquer cold stress? A comprehensive study in the Western Himalayas

“…Consistent with previous studies (Xu et al, 2013), we found positive correlations between osmoprotectants (such as proline), protein and antioxidant enzyme activities (such as SOD, CAT, and peroxidase), suggesting a coordinated response between enzyme activity and protein synthesis. Moreover, we observed a negative association between antioxidants and damage indices (MDA and H 2 O 2 ), which is consistent with the concept that increased antioxidant capacity can lead to a reduction in ROS levels and oxidative stress (Xu et al, 2013; Nejadsadeghi et al, 2014; Ashraf et al, 2019; Hasanuzzaman et al, 2019). The physiological measurements between the cold tolerant and cold susceptible genotypes depicted the contrasting responses between the two groups.…”

Duplicated FAD2 genes, fatty acid profiles and membrane integrity in cold stress response of durum wheat genotypes

“…The fatty acid analysis indicated that 18:3 linolenic acid is the major component (80% ) in leaves of durum wheat growing at 22°C, followed at a great distance by both saturated and unsaturated chains such as 16:0 and 18:2. This pro le agrees with that reported by (Nejadsadeghi et al 2014) using leaves of durum plants but differed from that obtained from durum grain samples in which 18:2 linoleic was the predominant fatty acid (Narducci et al 2019), suggesting tissue/organ speci c fatty acid patterns.…”

Temperature stress and redox homeostasis in agricultural crops

“…According to Yordanova and Popova (2007), exposure of wheat plants to low temperature (3 • C) for 48 and 72 h resulted in decreased levels of chlorophyll, CO 2 assimilation, transpirations rates and photosynthesis due to the reduced activities of ATP synthase, which further restricted RuBisCo regeneration and limited photophosphorylation (Allen and Ort, 2001). Physiobiochemical responses to cold stress in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat were studied where, the elevated levels of electrolyte leakage index, H 2 O 2 and MDA content were observed in stressed plants (Nejadsadeghi et al, 2014).…”