Comparative analysis of nuclear, chloroplast, and mitochondrial genomes of watermelon and melon provides evidence of gene transfer

Abstract

During plant evolution, there is genetic communication between organelle and nuclear genomes. A comparative analysis was performed on the organelle and nuclear genomes of the watermelon and melon. In the watermelon, chloroplast-derived sequences accounted for 7.6% of the total length of the mitochondrial genome. In the melon, chloroplast-derived sequences accounted for approximately 2.73% of the total mitochondrial genome. In watermelon and melon, the chloroplast-derived small-fragment sequences are either a subset of large-fragment sequences or appeared multiple times in the mitochondrial genome, indicating that these fragments may have undergone multiple independent migration integrations or emerged in the mitochondrial genome after migration, replication, and reorganization. There was no evidence of migration from the mitochondria to chloroplast genome. A sequence with a total length of about 73 kb (47%) in the watermelon chloroplast genome was homologous to a sequence of about 313 kb in the nuclear genome. About 33% of sequences in the watermelon mitochondrial genome was homologous with a 260 kb sequence in the nuclear genome. A sequence with a total length of about 38 kb (25%) in the melon chloroplast genome was homologous with 461 sequences in the nuclear genome, with a total length of about 301 kb. A 3.4 Mb sequence in the nuclear genome was homologous with a melon mitochondrial sequence. These results indicate that, during the evolution of watermelon and melon, a large amount of genetic material was exchanged between the nuclear genome and the two organelle genomes in the cytoplasm.

Assembly of the complete mitochondrial genome of an endemic plant, Scutellaria tsinyunensis, revealed the existence of two conformations generated by a repeat-mediated recombination

“…The mitochondrial and nuclear genomes can transfer DNA sequences in both directions. It was reported that a sequence of about 125 kb in the watermelon mitogenome was homologous to a 260 kb sequence in the nuclear genome, accounting for 33% of the mitogenome (Cui et al 2021). Based on relative species, we estimated that there was also a large amount of genetic material has been exchanged among mitochondrial and nuclear genomes of S. tsinyunensis.…”

Development of a mathematical model for the process of modernization of a melon cleaning machine

“…Modernization of the technical and technological base of food industry enterprises using modern types of equipment will increase the depth of processing of agricultural raw materials and thereby reduce their negative impact on the environment, significantly increasing the profitability of production [5].…”

Comparative analysis of morphology, cytology, and mitochondrial transcriptome of sterile male flowers of rubber tree

“…In plant evolution, migration between plasmid DNA and nuclear DNA was revealed (Blanchard & Schmidt, 1995;Schuster & Brennicke, 1994). Such migration is responsible for the rearrangement of mitochondria and nuclear genomes and for the variants associated with abnormal growth phenotypes (Cui et al, 2021;Gualberto & Newton, 2017;Zhang et al, 2020). We identified the inserted fragments in the…”