Comparative Analysis of Morphological and Chemical Variability in Different Fennel (Foeniculum Vulgare Mill.) Cultivars

Abstract

Knowledge on phenotypic and chemical diversity among fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) cultivars is a milestone in the improvement of this specie which is considered as one of the most important medicinal plants. For this purpose, the present study was conducted in order to compare for the first time fennel cultivars regarding their agro-morphological traits as well as their essential oil yield and composition. Ten fennel cutivars were cultivated in a randomized completely block design whereas the seeds essential oil was analysed by GC-MS analysis. All phenotypic traits showed variation among the cultivars examined. Correlations between traits showed a significant positive relation between yield and height, number of leaves, number of branches, number of umbels , number of umbellate and peduncle length. Significant genotypic variations were also observed in essential oil content and composition in which trans-anethole, estragole, fenchone and limonene were the main constituents. Clustering method classified the ten fennel cultivars into 3 major groups. Moreover, PCA analysis showed great dispersion of these cultivars. The diversity identified in this study, especially from the three varietal types, showed that some cultivars are featured with several agro-morphological and chemical characteristics and could be further exploited as promising material for the creation of new varieties.

Modeling the Essential Oil and Trans-Anethole Yield of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill. var. vulgare) by Application Artificial Neural Network and Multiple Linear Regression Methods

“…This characteristic affect both EOY% and TAY% of the evaluated fennel population of the present study. These results are consistent with the results of Sefidan et al [44] and Kalleli et al [45]. TAY% (as a second dependent variable) had the strongest positive correlation with HI (R = 0.823) followed by SY/P (R = 0.693), SY/m 2 (R = 0.693), EOY% (R = 0.590), NS/P (R = 0.573), NU (R = 0.572) and LFI (R = 0.456), as well as a negative significant correlation with LLOI (Figure 2).…”

“…This characteristic affect both EOY% and TAY% of the evaluated fennel population of the present study. These results are consistent with the results of Sefidan et al [44] and Kalleli et al [45]. Although HI and LFI were significantly correlated with EOY% and TAY%, according to the SWR analysis, these parameters could not be recognized as appropriate input variables (Tables 3 and 4).…”

Genetic analysis and physiological relationships of drought response in fennel: Interaction with mating system

“…Yadav et al [ 69 ] and Kumar et al [ 4 ] reported that seed yield had significant and positive correlations with umbels per plant, the number of umbelets per umbel, and the number of seeds per umbelets in fennel. Contrary to our results regarding the relationships between the yield and its components, Kalleli et al [ 70 ] reported a negative significant correlation between seed yield and 1000-seeds weight in fennel. On the other hand, in both populations STI and YSI showed significant and positive correlations with SYP and its components under normal and water deficit conditions.…”

Unveiling the Essence of Ajwain: A comprehensive exploration through principal component analysis

“…Based on the top PC scores in principal component 1 and principal component 2, two genotypes HAJ-07 and AA-02 are selected. These results are in relevance with the results quoted by Kalleli et al, (2019) [6] , YALDIZ et al, (2020) [10] and Modareskia et al, (2022) [8] .…”