Comparative Analysis of Lipids and Fatty Acids in Beaked Redfish Sebastes mentella Travin, 1951 Collected in Wild and in Commercial Products

Abstract

The lipid and fatty acid profile of muscles in beaked redfish, caught and fixed in the wild versus specimens from food supermarkets (“commercial”), were evaluated, as well as the health implications of this popular food for its consumers based on the calculation of nutritional quality indexes. The contents of the total lipids (TLs), total phospholipids (PLs), monoacylglycerols (MAGs), diacylglycerols (DAGs), triacylglycerols (TAGs), cholesterol (Chol), Chol esters, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), and wax esters were determined by HPTLC; the phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylcholine (PC), and lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC) were determined by HPLC; and fatty acids of total lipids were determined using GC. The TL content was higher in commercial products due to DA and NEFAs, among PL fractions the content of LysoPC was also higher. The results indicated multidirectional processes of slight degradation of lipids in commercial products in comparison to wild. The flesh lipid quality index was lower due to EPA and DHA in commercial specimens while the index of thrombogenicity was significantly higher. The differences in the quantities of lipid classes between muscle biopsy regions in fish apparently corroborate the morphology and physiology of deep-water fish.

Monthly variation of fatty acids, lipid quality index and metal content of Pontastacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823) in Atikhisar Dam Lake (Çanakkale, Türkiye)

“…In this context, six different calculation methods were employed to assess the lipid quality index. These calculation methods are as follows: Atherogenicity Index (AI): [C12:0 + (4 × C14:0) + C16:0] / (n-3PUFA + n-6PUFA + MUFA) (Duyar and Bayrakli 2023 ; Ulbricht and Southgate 1991 ) Thrombogenicity Index (TI): [C14:0 + C16:0 + C18:0] / [(0.5 × C18:1) + (0.5 × sum of other MUFA) + (0.5 × n-6PUFA) + (3 × n-3PUFA) + n-3PUFA/n-6PUFA] (Duyar and Bayrakli 2023 ; Ulbricht and Southgate 1991 ) Flesh-lipid quality (FLQ): 100 * (EPA + DHA) / total fatty acids (Abrami et al 1992 ) Hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratio (h/H): h/H = [(C18:1 + C18:2 + C18:3 + C20:3 + C20:4 + C20:5 + C22:4 + C22:5 + C22:6) / (C14:0 + C16:0)] (Duyar and Bayrakli 2023 ) Health-promoting index (HPI): UNSAT / [C12:0 + (C14:0 × 4) + C16:0] (Murzina et al 2022 ) The polyene index (PI): (C20:5 + C22:6) / C16:0 (Lubis and Buckle 2007 ; Küçükgülmez et al 2018 ). …”

Effect of Zinc Excess on Some Physiological Parameters and on the Fatty Acids Profile of Sinapis alba L. and Brassica juncea L. (Czern)

“…It is well known that FAs are constituents of lipids, which play various roles in cells as essential and basement components of membrane structure and participate in various signaling pathways [17]. Moreover, the content of FAs is important in estimating food's nutritional value [18]. According to this, the study of changes in FAs profile under heavy metal influence is important for the assessment of agricultural crops.…”