Comparative analysis of lead content during food processing

Heavy Metals and Human Health: Possible Exposure Pathways and the Competition for Protein Binding Sites

“…Many beverages are polluted by heavy metals including lead, cadmium, and arsenic [ 58 ]. Even juicing vegetables and fruits, brewing coffee or extracting ginseng can change the heavy-metal concentration in the product [ 59 ].…”

Effect of processing method (natural, washed, honey, fermentation, maceration) on the availability of heavy metals in specialty coffee

“…We were thus not surprised that the processing method in this experiment also affected the contents of heavy metals in the specialty coffees, even coffee from the same farm. Technological processes can generally affect the contents of heavy metals in commercially available roasted coffee [ 6 , [23] , [24] , [25] ]. The contents of some heavy metals in green beans changed after roasting but were still within the recommended limits [ 26 ].…”

“…Colombian fermented and Nicaraguan natural green coffees in our previous study had slightly lower Pb contents (0.13 and 0.10 mg/kg, respectively [ 18 ]). One of the key heavy metals, Pb, is ubiquitous in the environment and can be easily absorbed by coffee beans from soil or water [ 25 ]. The Pb contents in the green coffees in our experiment varied with the processing method, e.g.…”

In vitro study on the antimicrobial activity of eleven essential oils against oral cavity microbiota

“…Nevertheless, they indicate a reaction. CHX, the current gold standard antibacterial agent for oral use, may cause tooth staining, discoloration, diarrhoea, taste perception, and vomiting [8]. Furthermore, prolonged exposure to chemical antibacterial agents may increase the prevalence of microbial resistance to conventional antiseptics [9] [10].…”

“…Essential oils have been reported to possess significant antiseptic, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-parasitic, antifungal, and insecticidal activities [10]. In dentistry and oral care products, several herbal plants essence have been practiced for the treatment of oral infections, such as clove (Syzygium aromaticum), cinnamon (Cinnamon zeylanicum), garlic (Allium sativum), aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), and neem (Azadirachta indica) [8]. Compared to synthetics origin antimicrobial agents, EOs considered more effective because of their diverse composition and low toxicity levels [3].…”