Comparative Analysis of Default Mode Networks in Major Psychiatric Disorders Using Resting-State EEG

Abstract

Default mode network (DMN) is a set of functional brain structures coherently activated when individuals are in resting-state. In this study, we constructed multi-frequency band resting-state EEG-based DMN functional network models for major psychiatric disorders to easily compare their pathophysiological characteristics. Phase-locking values (PLVs) were evaluated to quantify functional connectivity; global and nodal clustering coefficients (CCs) were evaluated to quantify global and local activities of DMN nodes, respectively. DMNs of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder, schizophrenia (SZ), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) were constructed relative to their demographically-matched healthy control groups. Overall DMN patterns were then visualized and compared with each other. In global CCs, SZ and AD showed hyperactivation in the theta band; OCD, MCI, and AD showed hypoactivation in the low-alpha band; OCD and MDD showed hypoactivation and hyperactivation in low-beta, and high-beta bands, respectively. In local CCs, disease-specific patterns were observed. In the PLVs, lowered theta-band functional connectivity between the left lingual gyrus and the left hippocampus was frequently observed. Our comprehensive comparisons suggest EEG-based DMN as a useful vehicle for understanding altered brain networks of major psychiatric disorders.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is Associated with Increased Electroencephalographic (EEG) Delta and Theta Oscillatory Power but Reduced Delta Connectivity

“…Several studies have reported altered connectivity in OCD when compared to HC. Many of these studies have reported decreased connectivity in alpha and beta frequency bands [16][17][18][19][20], while one study reported decreased global field synchronization of frontal EEG in the delta band [21]. Furthermore, it has been hypothesized that the pathophysiology of OCD may be attributed to defective structure and function of the frontal-striatal-thalamic (FST) circuit, resulting in poor FC between these regions [22].…”

Functionally annotated electrophysiological neuromarkers of healthy ageing and memory function

“…While studies have demonstrated significant similarity between fMRI and M/EEG resting state networks (Brookes et al, 2011;Custo et al, 2017;Hillebrand et al, 2012), a networkbased approach for reporting and interpreting the functional relevance of electrophysiological findings is scarcely used (but see (Choi et al, 2021;Zhang et al, 2021)).…”