Comparative Analysis of Benzoxazinoid Biosynthesis in Monocots and Dicots: Independent Recruitment of Stabilization and Activation Functions

Dick, Regina; Rattei, Thomas; Haslbeck, Martin; Schwab, Wilfried; Gierl, Alfons; Frey, Monika

doi:10.1105/tpc.112.096461

Cited by 63 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 92 publications

(125 reference statements)

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“…In addition to several Gramineae species, which are all monocots, individual species in some dispersed dicot families also produce benzoxazinoids (Dick et al, 2012). Such a distribution has probably occurred due to one or multiple independent TSa duplications in dicots leading to an IGL activity (Schullehner et al, 2008).…”

Section: Extreme Reorganization Of An Old Enzyme Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Something old, something new: Conserved enzymes and the evolution of novelty in plant specialized metabolism

2015

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Plants produce hundreds of thousands of small molecules known as specialized metabolites, many of which are of economic and ecological importance. This remarkable variety is a consequence of the diversity and rapid evolution of specialized metabolic pathways. These novel biosynthetic pathways originate via gene duplication or by functional divergence of existing genes, and they subsequently evolve through selection and/or drift. Studies over the past two decades revealed that diverse specialized metabolic pathways have resulted from the incorporation of primary metabolic enzymes. We discuss examples of enzyme recruitment from primary metabolism and the variety of paths taken by duplicated primary metabolic enzymes toward integration into specialized metabolism. These examples provide insight into processes by which plant specialized metabolic pathways evolve and suggest approaches to discover enzymes of previously uncharacterized metabolic networks.

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Section: Extreme Reorganization Of An Old Enzyme Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Something old, something new: Conserved enzymes and the evolution of novelty in plant specialized metabolism

2015

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“…A gene (sb08g007610) encoding a plastid beta-glucosidase that may be involved in DIMBOA synthesis was expressed at approximately 9-fold lower levels in phyB-1 at 6 DAP. DIMBOA is a compound used by plants for defense against herbivores; therefore, increased expression of this gene may be to protect buds from pests/pathogens (Frey et al, 1997;Dick et al, 2012). Genes encoding CTP-synthase, vacuolar iron transporter, and heat shock proteins are expressed at lower levels in phyB-1 buds compared to wild type at 6 DAP.…”

Section: Differential Expression Of Genes That Regulate Meristem Diffmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S6). This enzyme mediates synthesis of DIBOAglucoside, a compound involved in plant defense (Dick et al, 2012). DIBOA-glucoside is cleaved to form DIMBOA by a plastid-localized beta-glucosidase.…”

Section: Differential Expression Of Genes That Regulate Meristem Diffmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Profiling of Tiller Buds Provides New Insights into PhyB Regulation of Tillering and Indeterminate Growth in Sorghum

Kebrom

Mullet

2016

Plant Physiol.

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Phytochrome B (phyB) enables plants to modify shoot branching or tillering in response to varying light intensities and ratios of red and far-red light caused by shading and neighbor proximity. Tillering is inhibited in sorghum genotypes that lack phytochrome B (58M, phyB-1) until after floral initiation. The growth of tiller buds in the first leaf axil of wild-type (100M, PHYB) and phyB-1 sorghum genotypes is similar until 6 d after planting when buds of phyB-1 arrest growth, while wild-type buds continue growing and develop into tillers. Transcriptome analysis at this early stage of bud development identified numerous genes that were up to 50-fold differentially expressed in wild-type/phyB-1 buds. Up-regulation of terminal flower1, GA2oxidase, and TPPI could protect axillary meristems in phyB-1 from precocious floral induction and decrease bud sensitivity to sugar signals. After bud growth arrest in phyB-1, expression of dormancy-associated genes such as DRM1, GT1, AF1, and CKX1 increased and ENOD93, ACCoxidase, ARR3/6/9, CGA1, and SHY2 decreased. Continued bud outgrowth in wild-type was correlated with increased expression of genes encoding a SWEET transporter and cell wall invertases. The SWEET transporter may facilitate Suc unloading from the phloem to the apoplast where cell wall invertases generate monosaccharides for uptake and utilization to sustain bud outgrowth. Elevated expression of these genes was correlated with higher levels of cytokinin/sugar signaling in growing buds of wild-type plants.

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“…Analysis of the first gene in the pathway in grasses and benzoxazinoid-producing dicots revealed an evolution of repeated independent duplications and neofunctionalizations of the TSA gene [106]. Similarly, the UDP-dependent glycosyl transferases (UGTs) have evolved independently [107]. The P450s in benzoxazinoid biosynthesis in dicotyledonous species are not known, and as the CYP71C family appears to be restricted to monocotyledons, the pathway in monocotyledons and dicotyledons apparently evolved convergently.…”

Section: Evolution and Elongation Of Pathways By Tandem Gene Duplicatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant P450s as versatile drivers for evolution of species-specific chemical diversity

Hamberger

Bak

2013

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

253

226

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The irreversible nature of reactions catalysed by P450s makes these enzymes landmarks in the evolution of plant metabolic pathways. Founding members of P450 families are often associated with general (i.e. primary) metabolic pathways, restricted to single copy or very few representatives, indicative of purifying selection. Recruitment of those and subsequent blooms into multi-member gene families generates genetic raw material for functional diversification, which is an inherent characteristic of specialized (i.e. secondary) metabolism. However, a growing number of highly specialized P450s from not only the CYP71 clan indicate substantial contribution of convergent and divergent evolution to the observed general and specialized metabolite diversity. We will discuss examples of how the genetic and functional diversification of plant P450s drives chemical diversity in light of plant evolution. Even though it is difficult to predict the function or substrate of a P450 based on sequence similarity, grouping with a family or subfamily in phylogenetic trees can indicate association with metabolism of particular classes of compounds. Examples will be given that focus on multi-member gene families of P450s involved in the metabolic routes of four classes of specialized metabolites: cyanogenic glucosides, glucosinolates, mono-to triterpenoids and phenylpropanoids.

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Comparative Analysis of Benzoxazinoid Biosynthesis in Monocots and Dicots: Independent Recruitment of Stabilization and Activation Functions

Cited by 63 publications

References 92 publications

Something old, something new: Conserved enzymes and the evolution of novelty in plant specialized metabolism

Something old, something new: Conserved enzymes and the evolution of novelty in plant specialized metabolism

Transcriptome Profiling of Tiller Buds Provides New Insights into PhyB Regulation of Tillering and Indeterminate Growth in Sorghum

Plant P450s as versatile drivers for evolution of species-specific chemical diversity

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