Comparative Analysis of Airflow Regulation in Ventilator Systems Using Various Control Strategies

Abstract

Ventilator designs, pivotal in providing respiratory support to patients, often grapple with performance optimization challenges due to variable patient conditions and intricate mechanical components. This research strives to identify the optimal control strategy that can assure maximal patient safety and efficient ventilator operation. We compared three control strategies: the conventional Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control, the Nonlinear PID control, and the sliding mode control (SMC) equipped with signum function triggers. Our studies underscored the preeminence of SMC in controlling airway pressure, exhibiting a rapid and disturbance-free response. However, while SMC ensured smooth patient airflow in flow rate control, it exhibited a slightly delayed response. The research thus posits SMC as a promising contender, particularly in light of the sophisticated design requirements of contemporary ventilators. Through this investigation, we aim to offer a robust control solution capable of enhancing current ventilator operations to ensure superior patient safety and efficiency.

Enhancing Artificial Ventilator Systems: A Comparative Analysis of Traditional and Nonlinear PID Controllers

“…The mechanical ventilation device, comprising an electrically powered blower unit, generates the requisite pressure for patient lung inflation (Po) via a hose medium. Mathematical models have been instrumental in resolving complex engineering challenges [11,12] and are similarly utilized to elucidate lung mechanics and enhance mechanical ventilation therapy [13]. A prevalent approach in existing literature involves the use of a single-compartment lung model, accounting for lung elastance (inverse of compliance) and airway resistance [14].…”