Comparative analysis of 23S ribosomal RNA gene sequences of Bacillus anthracis and emetic Bacillus cereus determined by PCR-direct sequencing

Ash, Carol; Collins, Matthew D.

doi:10.1016/0378-1097(92)90586-d

Cited by 70 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The nucleotide sequences of the 16S rRNAs of the B. cereus group exhibited very high levels of sequence similarity (Ͼ99%) that were consistent with the close relationships shown by previous DNA hybridization studies (3). Likewise, Ash and Collins (4) reported that the 23S rRNA gene sequences of B. anthracis and an emesis-causing B. cereus strain were almost identical.…”

supporting

confidence: 85%

“…Based on these sequencing and phylogenetic data, PCR and PCRrestriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods were developed to identify and differentiate B. cereus group cells. BCS 1,4,6,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,22,24,25,28,38,and 40), were assayed for both vrrA RFLP and groEL RFLP types (see Table 4). To determine the specificity of our PCR primers, 13 non-B.…”

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confidence: 99%

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PCR Assay of the groEL Gene for Detection and Differentiation of Bacillus cereus Group Cells

Chang

Shangkuan

Lin

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Strains of species in the Bacillus cereus group are potentially enterotoxic. Thus, the detection of all B. cereus group strains is important. As 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis cannot adequately differentiate species of the B. cereus group, we explored the potential of the groEL gene as a phylogenetic marker. A phylogenetic analysis of the groEL sequences of 78 B. cereus group strains revealed that the B. cereus group strains were split into two major clusters, one including six B. mycoides and one B. pseudomycoides (cluster II) and the other including two B. mycoides and the rest of the B. cereus group strains (cluster I). Cluster I was further differentiated into two subclusters, Ia and Ib. The sodA gene sequences of representative strains from different clusters were also compared. The phylogenetic tree constructed from the sodA sequences showed substantial similarity to the tree constructed from the groEL sequences. Based on the groEL sequences, a PCR assay for detection and identification of B. cereus group strains was developed. Subsequent restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis verified the PCR amplicons and the differentiation of the B. cereus group strains. RFLP with MboI was identical for all the B. cereus group strains analyzed, while RFLP with MfeI or PstI classified all B. cereus and B. thuringiensis strains into two groups. All cluster II B. mycoides and B. pseudomycoides strains could be discriminated from other B. cereus group bacteria by restriction analysis with TspRI.

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confidence: 85%

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confidence: 99%

PCR Assay of the groEL Gene for Detection and Differentiation of Bacillus cereus Group Cells

Chang

Shangkuan

Lin

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Thus, cereulide producers appear to be a homogeneous group. Phenetic and molecular typing studies have established that cereulide-producing B. cereus strains belong to a highly homogeneous cluster (9), which was also suggested by earlier reports of identical ribopatterns of 16S and 23S rRNA sequences from emetic strains (5,15,17). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) has assigned all analyzed cereulide-producing strains, isolated from cases of both food poisoning and the environment, to single-sequence type (ST) 26 (16).…”

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A New Phylogenetic Cluster of Cereulide-Producing Bacillus cereus Strains

et al. 2007

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Phenotypic and molecular studies have established that cereulide-producing strains of Bacillus cereus are a distinct and probably recently emerged clone within the Bacillus population. We analyzed a set of B. cereus strains, both cereulide producers and nonproducers, by multilocus sequence typing. Consistent with earlier reports, nonproducers demonstrated high heterogeneity. Most cereulide-producing strains and all flagellar antigen type H1 strains were allocated to the known sequence type of exclusively emetic B. cereus strains. Several cereulide-producing strains, however, were recovered at a new phylogenetic location, all of which were serotype H3 or H12. We hypothesize that the group of cereulide producers is diversifying progressively, probably by lateral transfer of the corresponding gene complex.

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“…Comparison of the genomic structure and organization between different strains of B. cereus and B. thuringiensis indicates that the diversity within these species is as large as the diversity between them (8) with some strains of B. cereus being more similar to strains of B. thuringiensis than to other B. cereus strains. Interestingly, the intraspecific genomic variability of B. cereus is considerable when compared to Bacillus licheni- (9), carbohydrate profiles ( 5 5 ) and IS23 1-derived sequences (23), it is possible to discriminate B. anthracis from the remaining three species, which are difficult to distinguish. Therefore, the debate continues as to whether the members of the B. cereus group should be regarded as a single species.…”

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Bacillus weihenstephanensis sp. nov. is a new psychrotolerant species of the Bacillus cereus group

Lechner

Mayr

Francis

et al. 1998

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

382

324

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The Bacillus cereus group comprises the four valid species Bacillus cereus, Bacillus mycoides, Bacillus fhuringiensis and Bacillus anthracis. Some isolates of B. cereus are known to be psychrotolerant (growth a t 7 O C or below). Here, specific sequence differences are described between the 165 rDNA, the 235 rDNA, the 165-235 rDNA spacer region and the genes of the major cold-shock protein homologue cspA in a variety of psychrotolerant and mesophilic B. cereus and B. mycoides strains. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis using three different primers clearly separated psychrotolerant strains of both species from the rest of the B. cereus group, as did inverse PCR patterns of the rDNA operons. These data strongly support a hitherto unrecognized fifth sub-group within the B. cereus species group comprising psychrotolerant, but not mesophilic, B. cereus strains. Despite the latter finding, the DNA sequences investigated exhibited a high degree of sequence similarity indicating a close relationship between the species of the B. cereus group. Considering the unusual importance of B. cereus in both food poisoning and food spoilage and to avoid merging all species of the group, a new species, Bacillus weihenstephanensis sp. nov., comprising psychrotolerant 'cereus' strains, is proposed. Isolates of the new species grow a t 4-7 "C but not a t 43 OC and can be identified rapidly using rDNA or cspA targeted PCR. The type strain is B. weihenstephanensis WSBC 10204T (= DSM 1182IT).

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Comparative analysis of 23S ribosomal RNA gene sequences of Bacillus anthracis and emetic Bacillus cereus determined by PCR-direct sequencing

Cited by 70 publications

References 8 publications

PCR Assay of the groEL Gene for Detection and Differentiation of Bacillus cereus Group Cells

PCR Assay of the groEL Gene for Detection and Differentiation of Bacillus cereus Group Cells

A New Phylogenetic Cluster of Cereulide-Producing Bacillus cereus Strains

Bacillus weihenstephanensis sp. nov. is a new psychrotolerant species of the Bacillus cereus group

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