Comparative analyses of the nutraceutical potentialities of selected Indian traditional black rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces

Abstract

The present investigation aims to explore the importance of some traditional black rice varieties with their nutraceutical properties. The beneficial properties of these varieties remain unknown to the majority of the population due to the inadequate data. Decorticated rice grains of four black rice varieties were evaluated and compared with two commonly consumed white rice varieties - Gobindabhog (traditional aromatic) and BPT 5204 (modern high yielding variety). The sugars and total lipid levels were similar in Gobindabhog and BPT 5204. The black rice varieties, however, had considerably greater protein, thiamin, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, and antimicrobial activities compared to the two selected white rice varieties. The ICPMS analysis of black rice grains showed that the former also had higher levels of Mn, Fe, and Zn than the white rice varieties. However, BPT 5204 contained a greater amount of Cu than the black rice varieties. Total flavonoid and phenolic content, as well as antioxidant potentiality of black rice varieties were also considerably higher than those of the white rice varieties.

Endangered indigenous rice varieties as a source of B vitamins for the undernourished population

“…In this study, we detected an outstandingly high concentration of thiamine in some landraces, to the extent of more than 9 mg/100 g. In addition to thiamine, the concentrations of pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, niacin, biotin in these folk rice grains are much greater than in the three modern high‐yielding rice cultivars (Supplementary Tables and ). In fact, most of the B vitamins are not yet reported in any modern high‐yielding rice cultivars (Deepa et al, 2008; Roy et al, 2021). In this study, the richness of B vitamins in the grains of some traditional rice landraces implies a robust solution to the problem of vitamin B deficiency, especially in rice‐eating cultures.…”

“…Extraction was carried out following the methods described in Puwastien et al (2011) with slight modification, and detailed in Roy et al (2021).…”

“…The reverse-phase-HPLC (RP-HPLC) method, reported by Heudi et al (2005) was adopted for standardization, with slight modification. A gradient elution method was employed to get the baseline separation of the B vitamins (Roy et al, 2021). Briefly, gradient of two mobile phases were: methanol (A) and water with 0.02% aqueous H 3 PO 4 (B) were set at: 0% A + 100% B for 3 min; 10% A + 90% B for 10 min; 30% A + 70% B for 15 min and 30% A + 70% B for 35 min.…”

“…Fortification of rice with different vitamins and minerals is considered to be an important step toward addressing endemic malnutrition in rice‐growing countries. While rice endosperm is virtually devoid of micronutrients, brown rice is known to contain several vitamins and minerals (Deb et al, 2015; Mondal et al, 2021; Rezaei et al, 2022; Roy et al, 2021). Knowledge of vitamin contents of specific rice landraces is important for strategizing the nutritional security of populations through the public distribution of vitamin‐rich rices, as a viable and cheaper alternative to rice fortification programs.…”

“…Liquid chromatographic method has evolved as one of the best methods for the identification and quantitative determination of B vitamins in food matrixes (Nguyen et al, 2021; Rezaei et al, 2022). Thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, biotin, pantothenic acid, and so forth have been reported by liquid chromatographic methods in a small number of indica rice landraces (Cho et al, 2020; Deepa et al, 2008; Priya et al, 2019; Roy et al, 2021; Sumczynski, et al, 2018). Vitamin B12 is reported to be absent in the plant system (Watanabe, 2007), although vitamin B12 derived from microbial biosynthesis is rarely found in some processed plant foods (Jedut et al, 2021).…”