Comparative analyses of saprotrophy in Salisapilia sapeloensis and diverse plant pathogenic oomycetes reveal lifestyle-specific gene expression

Abstract

2Oomycetes include many well-studied, devastating plant pathogens. Across oomycete 3 3 diversity, plant-infecting lineages are interspersed by non-pathogenic ones.3 4

A Global Survey of Carbohydrate Esterase Families 1 and 10 in Oomycetes

“…For CE10, hemibiotrophs invest a significantly higher transcript budget in genes from cluster 1 than biotrophs during infection ( Figure 6P). This is in agreement with the previously observed differences in some putative orthologs of CE1 and CE10 genes between the saprotroph S. sapeloensis and diverse plant pathogenic oomycetes (de Vries et al, 2019).…”

“…Carbohydrate esterase-encoding genes are often among those genes that are induced during plant colonization by oomycetes (Ah-Fong et al, 2017;de Vries et al, 2019). Here, we asked how much transcript the different oomycetes invest into their CE1 and CE10 genes and whether specific clusters of the CE1 and CE10 families are specifically recruited during the infection process or mycelial growth on plate.…”

“…Indeed, CAZymes, including CEs, are employed during tissue colonization and nutrient acquisition by pathogens and saprotrophs (Kubicek et al, 2014). Comparative genomics and transcriptomics have highlighted a differential use of these enzymes depending on the hosts and lifestyles of filamentous microorganisms (Ohm et al, 2012;Gaulin et al, 2018;de Vries et al, 2019;Shen et al, 2019;Baetsen-Young et al, 2020;Barbi et al, 2020).…”

“…Similarly, analyses of the fungus Fusarium virguliforme colonizing maize as an endophyte and soybean as a pathogen revealed that transcriptomic differences, also in CAZyme-encoding genes, are shaped by the mode of life of this fungus (Baetsen-Young et al, 2020). Comparisons of the transcriptome of a saprotrophic oomycete with those of plant pathogenic oomycetes also showed distinct expression of diverse CAZyme-encoding genes between the different oomycetes (de Vries et al, 2019). Among these CAZyme-encoding genes with lifestyle-specific expression were members of the family of CE1 and CE10.…”

“…To do so, oomycetes use carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes). Indeed, many CAZyme-encoding genes are induced during the infection process or colonization of dead tissue (Ah-Fong et al, 2017;Gaulin et al, 2018;de Vries et al, 2019;Grams et al, 2019). Further, many CAZymes are found in culture secrets (Wang et al, 2018), pointing to active secretion of these enzymes.…”