Comparative Acute Sensitivity of Larval Topsmelt, Atherinops Affinis, and Inland Silverside, Menidia Beryllina, to 11 Chemicals

Hemmer, Michael J.; Middaugh, Douglas P.; Comparetta, Valerie

doi:10.1897/1552-8618(1992)11[401:casolt]2.0.co;2

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Similar studies have been conducted on other fish species commonly used in toxicity testing such as Menidia beryllina, M. menidia, M. peninsuh e , and Leuresthes tenuis [8,9]. In addition, Hemmer et al [5] compared the acute sensitivity of two larval stages of topsmelt to two pesticides, chlorpyrifos and carbophenothion. These authors found no difference in sensitivity between 7 k l -and 28k1-d-old fish to either compound.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Age-Specific Toxicity of Copper to Larval Topsmelt Atherinops Affinis

McNulty¹,

Anderson²,

Hunt³

et al. 1994

Environ Toxicol Chem

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The age‐specific sensitivity of topsmelt (Atherinops affinis) larvae to copper was assessed. A series of 7‐d growth and survival experiments were conducted using cohorts of larval fish isolated into different age groups of 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 15, and 20 d post‐hatch. Fish aged 0, 3, and 5 d were less sensitive to copper chloride than fish ≥7 d old. The median lethal concentration (LC50) for copper ranged from 365 μg L−1 in 0‐d larvae, to 137 μg L−1 in 20‐d larvae. NOECs remained relatively constant for all ages: 180 μg L−1 for 1‐ and 3‐d‐old fish, 100 μg L−1 for all other cohorts. Regression analysis indicated a significant negative correlation between LC50 and gill surface area (GSA; R2 = —0.793) and cutaneous surface area (CSA; R2 = —0.760. Although these correlations were expected because both morphometrics increase with age, the relationships between increasing respiratory surface area and LC50 may indicate that the increase in sensitivity with larval age is related to an increase in copper uptake, either cutaneously or branchially. GSA increased more than sevenfold between hatch and 20 d, whereas CSA increased only threefold throughout the same period.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…

The age-specific sensitivity of topsmelt (Atherinops uffinis) larvae to copper was assessed. A series of 7-d growth and survival experiments were conducted using cohorts of larval fish isolated into different age groups of 0, 1, 3,5,7,9,11,15, and 20 d post-hatch. Fish aged 0, 3, and 5 d were less sensitive to copper chloride than fish 2 7 d old.

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Specific Toxicity of Copper to Larval Topsmelt Atherinops Affinis

McNulty¹,

Anderson²,

Hunt³

et al. 1994

Environ Toxicol Chem

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“…Line indicates community HC10 value. Data from Anderson et al 2006, Bridges et al (2002), Conrad 1999, Dwyer et al (2005), Hemmer et al 1992, Liu et al (2005b), and Yang et al (2007).…”

Section: Use Of Hyalella Azteca As An Indicator Of Sediment Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental fate of pyrethroids in urban and suburban stream sediments and the appropriateness of Hyalella azteca model in determining ecological risk

Palmquist

Fairbrother

Salatas

et al. 2011

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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According to several recent studies using standard acute Hyalella azteca sediment bioassays, increased pyrethroid use in urban and suburban regions in California has resulted in the accumulation of toxic concentrations of pyrethroids in sediments of area streams and estuaries. However, a critical review of the literature indicates that this is likely an overestimation of environmental risk. Hyalella azteca is consistently the most susceptible organism to both aqueous and sediment-associated pyrethroid exposures when compared to a suite of other aquatic taxa. In some cases, H. azteca LC50 values are less than the community HC10 values, suggesting that the amphipod is an overly conservative model for community- or ecosystem-level impacts of sediment-associated pyrethroids. Further, as a model for responses of field populations of H. azteca, the laboratory bioassays considerably overestimate exposure, because the amphipod is more appropriately characterized as an epibenthic organism, not a true sediment dweller; H. azteca preferentially inhabit aquatic macrophytes, periphyton mats, and leaf litter, which drastically reduces their exposure to contaminated sediments. Sediment-bound pyrethroids are transported via downstream washing of fine particulates resulting in longer range transport but also more efficient sequestration of the chemical. In addition, site-specific variables such as sediment organic carbon content, grain size, temperature, and microbial activity alter pyrethroid bioavailability, degradation, and toxicity on a microhabitat scale. The type and source of the carbon in particular, influences the pyrethroid sequestering ability of sediments. The resulting irregular distribution of pyrethroids in stream sediments suggests that sufficient nonimpacted habitat may exist as refugia for resident sediment-dwelling organisms for rapid recolonization to occur. Given these factors, we argue that the amphipod model provides, at best, a screening level assessment of pyrethroid impacts and can correctly identify those sediments not toxic to benthic organisms but cannot accurately predict where sediments will be toxic.

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Laboratory spawning of topsmelt, Atherinops affinis, with notes on culture and growth of larvae

Middaugh

Hemmer

Anderson

1992

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Topsmelt (Atherinops affinis) were spawned repeatedly in the laboratory from May to July 1989. A periodic “temperature spike” from the holding temperature of approximately 18 up to approximately 20.5°C, introduced at 7‐ to 9‐d intervals, resulted in maximum production of viable embryos on the fourth morning after the spike. Examination of embryonic stages and comparison to known developmental rates for Atherinops affinis embryos revealed that spawning was generally nocturnal, occurring between 1900 and 0500 h. Survival of embryonic and larval Atherinops affinis cultured at 21 ± 1°C and 20 ± 2‰ salinity was excellent (>80%). A larval growth curve was developed for the first 24 d post‐hatch.

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Comparative Acute Sensitivity of Larval Topsmelt, Atherinops Affinis, and Inland Silverside, Menidia Beryllina, to 11 Chemicals

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Age-Specific Toxicity of Copper to Larval Topsmelt Atherinops Affinis

Age-Specific Toxicity of Copper to Larval Topsmelt Atherinops Affinis

Environmental fate of pyrethroids in urban and suburban stream sediments and the appropriateness of Hyalella azteca model in determining ecological risk

Laboratory spawning of topsmelt, Atherinops affinis, with notes on culture and growth of larvae

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