Comparative absorption, excretion, and storage of oily and aqueous preparations of vitamin A

Lewis, J. M.; Bodansky, Oscar; Birmingham, John R.; Cohlan, Sidney Q.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(47)80138-6

Cited by 68 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…29 Moreover, the vitamin A in these cases was dispersed in oil solution. Lewis et al 30 showed in infants that an aqueous dispersion induced a 4-fold increase in blood concentration and a smaller fecal loss of vitamin A compared with oil preparation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infant hypervitaminosis A causes severe anemia and thrombocytopenia: evidence of a retinol-dependent bone marrow cell growth inhibition

Perrotta

Nobili

Rossi

et al. 2002

Blood

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Vitamin A is a pivotal biochemical factor required for normal proliferation and differentiation as well as for specialized functions, such as vision. The dietary intake of 1500 IU/day is recommended in the first year of life. Here, we report the case of an infant who had been given 62 000 IU/day for 80 days. The infant showed several clinical signs of retinol intoxication, including severe anemia and thrombocytopenia. Bone marrow showed a remarkably reduced number of erythroid and megakaryocytic cells. The interruption of vitamin A treatment was immediately followed by clinical and biochemical recovery. To clarify whether the effects of retinol are due to a direct action on bone marrow cell proliferation, we investigated the activity of retinol (both the drug and the pure molecule) on the growth of K-562, a multipotent hematopoietic cell line, and on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. We observed that vitamin A strongly inhibited the proliferation of the cells at concentrations similar to those reached in vivo. Subsequent biochemical analyses of the cell cycle suggested that the effect was mediated by the up-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, p21 Cip1 and p27 Kip1 . These are the first findings to demonstrate that infant hypervitaminosis A causes a severe anemia and thrombocytopenia and that this is probably due to the direct effect of the molecule on the growth of all bone marrow cellular components. Our data also suggest potential bone marrow functional alterations after excessive vitamin A intake because of emerging social habits. (Blood.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infant hypervitaminosis A causes severe anemia and thrombocytopenia: evidence of a retinol-dependent bone marrow cell growth inhibition

Perrotta

Nobili

Rossi

et al. 2002

Blood

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“…Indeed, although steatorrhea is associated with inadequate Vit A absorption (Erdman et al, 1988), thus suggesting a role of dietary fat on Vit A absorption, contradictory data are available. In two studies (Reddy & Srikantia, 1966;Jappesen et al, 1995) increasing dietary fat intake apparently improved the absorption of preformed Vit A while in two other studies no bene®cial role of fat on Vit A intestinal absorption could be detected (Figueira et al, 1969;Lewis et al, 1947). Thus the exact role of dietary TG on postprandial plasma Via A bioavailability needs to be re-evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary triglycerides, up to 40 g/meal, do not affect preformed vitamin A bioavailability in humans

Borel¹,

Dubois

Mekki

et al. 1997

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: Assessing the effect of the dose of dietary triglycerides on preformed vitamin A (retinyl esters) bioavailability in humans. Design: Four test meals containing 15 000 RE retinyl-palmitate and either 0, 15, 30 or 40 g added triglycerides were ingested by eight healthy volunteers, at different days and in a randomized order. Setting: The study was done in the Hospital Sainte Marguerite, Marseille, France. Subjects: Eight healthy male volunteers were recruited by advertisement. Intervention: Blood samples were collected every hour for seven hours after the test meals intake. Serum and chylomicron (Svedberg¯otation unit b 1000) were prepared by centrifugation and retinyl esters were measured by HPLC. Results: The serum retinyl ester response was not signi®cantly lower after the intake of the meal without added triglycerides (7944 AE 3262 nmol/L h) than after the intake of the fat meals (10012 AE 2182, 7869 AE 3157 and 10777 AE 2067 nmol/L h for the 15, 30 and 40 g-fat meal, respectively), indicating that the serum retinyl ester response was not related to the amount of meal triglycerides. Chylomicron retinyl linoleate response stepwise increased when the amount of meal triglycerides increased while retinyl palmitate and retinyl stearate responses reached a maximum since 15 g triglycerides. Postprandial serum retinol concentration did not change whatever the meal ingested. Conclusions: (i) a signi®cant amount of preformed vitamin A is apparently absorbed when ingested with trace amount of meal triglycerides only; (ii) meal triglycerides, up to 40 g/meal, do not increase preformed vitamin A bioavailability; (iii) the retinyl ester pattern recovered in the chylomicrons, and probably the esteri®cation process of retinol, is affected by the amount of meal triglycerides; (iv) postprandial retinol homeostasis is not affected by dietary triglycerides.

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“…Such dispersions have also been used clinically in cases of impaired intestinal absorption (Lewis et al 1947;Kramer, Sobel & Gottfried, 1947).…”

Section: 51mentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, absorption and distribution of vitamin A

Pa¹

1965

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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Vitamin A itself is found in the animal kingdom together with carotenoid pigments, but plants are considered to contain carotenoid pigments but no preformed vitamin A. A possible exception is the small amount of the aldehyde form of vitamin A found by Winterstein & Hegediis (1960) in spinach and other plants; the concentrations present, of the order of 0.1 pg/g fresh weight, are not of nutritional importance, and the aldehyde is possibly there as a minor metabolite of the carotenoid pigments.With vitamin A the occurrence and distribution are therefore closely related. By occurrence is meant here the presence in foodstuffs, particularly those of man, whereas distribution refers to the presence of vitamin A in different organs, tissues, cells and intracellular particles of man and other animals after its ingestion and absorption.Occurrence

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Comparative absorption, excretion, and storage of oily and aqueous preparations of vitamin A

Cited by 68 publications

References 5 publications

Infant hypervitaminosis A causes severe anemia and thrombocytopenia: evidence of a retinol-dependent bone marrow cell growth inhibition

Infant hypervitaminosis A causes severe anemia and thrombocytopenia: evidence of a retinol-dependent bone marrow cell growth inhibition

Dietary triglycerides, up to 40 g/meal, do not affect preformed vitamin A bioavailability in humans

Occurrence, absorption and distribution of vitamin A

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