Comparación de los efectos en tratamientos de autismo a partir de modelos conductuales y psicoanalíticos

Abstract

In this paper we reviewed the autism treatments efficiency results based on behavioral and psychoanalytic models reported within the last six years. Since both models are based on different conceptions of treatment direction in autism cases, the results were compared between them to determinate their general differences. Psychoanalytic models have multiple autism meanings, some of these theories consider it as part of psychoses while others think about it as a different and autonomous clinical structure. Nonetheless, generally these models are based on symbolic conditions and family history to focus treatment on affective social interactions and alterity acknowledge. Meanwhile, behavioral models are based on environmental, genetic and social conditions to decrease the presence of self-injurious behavior through social rewards during therapy and to impact the family context thanks to socioemotional development. Coincidentally psychoanalytic and behavioral models ensure in their interventions to modify the presence of angst in patients and in their relatives.