Comparability of Information on Pesticide Use Obtained from Farmers and Their Proxy Respondents

Blair, Aaron; Kross, B.; Stewart, Patricia A.; Ogilivie, L.; Falk, Rolf; Popendorf, William; Ward, Mary H.; Zahm, Shelia Hoar

doi:10.13031/2013.19461

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…This is a concern because proxies cannot provide information on pesticide use as accurately as the farmers themselves. 42 When analysis was limited to direct respondents, the ORs were, in general, smaller than those obtained using all respondents. Nevertheless, the pattern of stronger associations with t(14;18)-positive than t(14;18)-negative NHL remained, suggesting that proxy data might account for only a portion of the observed association.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Agricultural pesticide use and risk of t(14;18)-defined subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Chiu

Davé

Blair

et al. 2006

Blood

111

112

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Pesticides have been specifically associated with the t(14;18)(q32;q21) chromosomal translocation. To investigate whether the association between pesticides and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) differs for molecular subtypes of NHL defined by t(14; 18) status, we obtained 175 tumor blocks from case subjects in a population-based case-control study conducted in Nebraska between 1983 and 1986. The t(14;18) was determined by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization in 172 of 175 tumor blocks. We compared exposures to insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, and fumigants in 65 t(14;18)-positive and 107 t(14;18)-negative case subjects with those among 1432 control subjects. Multivariate polytomous logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Compared with farmers who never used pesticides, the risk of t(14;18)-positive NHL was significantly elevated among farmers who used animal insecticides (OR ‫؍‬ 2.6; 95% CI, 1.0-6.9), crop insecticides (OR ‫؍‬ 3.0; 95% CI, 1.1-8.2), herbicides (OR ‫؍‬ 2.9; 95% CI, 1.1-7.9), and fumigants (OR ‫؍‬ 5.0; 95% CI, 1.7-14.5). None of these pesticides were associated with t(14;18)-negative NHL.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Agricultural pesticide use and risk of t(14;18)-defined subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Chiu

Davé

Blair

et al. 2006

Blood

111

112

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“…41 Our analyses based on direct interviews found the same pattern of results as seen for proxy respondents (data not shown). Based on a study of the quality of information on pesticide use provided by farmers or their proxy respondents, 42 the degree of misclassification was generally in the range observed for other factors obtained by interview in epidemiologic studies of such factors as diet and use of tobacco and alcohol. Therefore, it appears unlikely that misclassification of exposure could explain the observed increase in the risk of NHL among asthmatics exposed to pesticides.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma among asthmatics exposed to pesticides

Lee

Cantor

Berzofsky

et al. 2004

Intl Journal of Cancer

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We conducted a pooled analysis of population-based casecontrol studies in Iowa, Minnesota and Nebraska to investigate whether asthma modifies risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) associated with pesticide exposures. Cases (n ‫؍‬ 872) diagnosed with NHL from 1980 to 1986 and frequency-matched controls (n ‫؍‬ 2,381) randomly selected from the same geographic areas as the cases were included. Information on use of pesticides and history of asthma was based on interviews. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate ORs, adjusted for age, state and vital status. Of all subjects, 177 (45 cases, 132 controls) reported having been told by their doctor that they had asthma. Subjects with an asthma history had a nonsignificantly lower risk of NHL than nonasthmatics (OR ‫؍‬ 0.6, 95% CI 0.3-1.4), and there was no main effect of pesticide exposure (OR ‫؍‬ 1.0, 95% CI 0.8 -1.2). However, asthmatics tended to have larger ORs associated with exposure to pesticides than nonasthmatics. The OR among asthmatics was 1.8 (95% CI 1.1-3.2) for everuse of crop insecticides, 2.7 (95% CI 1.0 -7.2) for chlordane, 2.4 (95% CI 1.0 -5.7) for lindane and 3.7 (95% CI 1.3-10.9) for fonofos. Among nonasthmatics, ORs were 1.1 (0.9 -1.3), 1. Incidence and mortality rates for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) have been increasing worldwide over the past several decades. 1 Although the reasons for this increase are not fully understood, NHL is known to be associated with a compromised immune system, particularly acquired or genetic immunodeficiencies. 2,3 Medical conditions related to more subtle immune alteration, such as asthma and other allergic conditions, have also been studied as potential risk factors for NHL. 4 -10 These reports have described a decreased risk for NHL among persons with a history of asthma or allergies, 4,5 no association 6 -8 or an increase in risk. 9,10 Exposure to pesticides has also been suggested as a possible risk factor for NHL. [11][12][13][14][15] Pesticides may increase cancer risk by altering the immune system. 16 -19 Because both asthma and pesticide exposure may change the risk of NHL by immunologic alterations, we investigated the relation between pesticide exposure, asthma and risk of NHL. MATERIAL AND METHODS Study populationWe pooled data from 2 population-based case-control studies of NHL in 3 midwestern states in the United States, which have been described in detail previously. 20,21 In Iowa and Minnesota, all newly diagnosed cases of NHL among white men aged Ն30 were ascertained from records of the Iowa State Health Registry and a special surveillance system of Minnesota hospitals and pathology laboratories from 1980 to 1983 (n ϭ 530). In Nebraska, all cases of NHL diagnosed between July 1983 and June 1986 among white men and women aged Ն21 in 45 eastern counties were identified through the Nebraska Lymphoma Study Group and area hospitals (n ϭ 346). All cases were reviewed by pathologists, and only histologically confirmed cases were included in this analysis. Controls were randomly selected from ...

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“…Exposure information has usually been obtained with questionnaires that seek information on the workplace and work practices, under the assumption that these data can be used as surrogates for exposure measurements. This report is part of a project designed to evaluate techniques for collecting exposure data in epidemiologic studies on farmers (1,(5)(6)(7), and it describes the results of an air and relationship between exposures and exposure determinants to assess if any of them can be used as predictors of exposure. Because little information has been reported on the pesticide practices of animal farmers, a brief questionnaire was also administered to the subjects.…”

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confidence: 99%