“…While several genomic prediction assays have been reported in breast cancer to assist in predicting response to therapy [25,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47], some examples exist where biotechnology companies seek to participate in personalized medicine via molecular profiling of reftractory cancers or referral of patients to national clinical trials based on biomarker profiles, such as the Translational Genomics Research Institute (Phoenix, AZ), Caris Life Sciences (Phoenix, AZ) and N-of-One (Lexington, MA) [43,96]. For example, Von Hoff et al profiled metastatic tumors from patients with refractory cancers of various types of cancer using FFPE tissue for IHC, FISH, and fresh frozen tissue for microarrays [96].…”