Compact steady-state tokamak performance dependence on magnet and core physics limits

Ménard, J.

doi:10.1098/rsta.2017.0440

Cited by 34 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…As a closing remark to this section, we recognize that along with the HEP community, the fusion community has consistently identified REBCO high-field magnets as a transformative enabling technology for the magnetic fusion devices towards energy generation [203][204][205][206][207][208][209]. With the strong synergy between the high-field accelerator and fusion magnets [19,142,210], the research needs discussed here can also be leveraged for the development of high-field fusion conductors and magnets (Table 2).…”

Section: How To Determine the Performance Of A Long Multi-tape Rebco mentioning

confidence: 88%

Dipole Magnets above 20 Tesla: Research Needs for a Path via High-Temperature Superconducting REBCO Conductors

2019

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To enable the physics research that continues to deepen our understanding of the Universe, future circular colliders will require a critical and unique instrument—magnets that can generate a dipole field of 20 T and above. However, today’s maturing magnet technology for low-temperature superconductors (Nb-Ti and Nb 3 Sn) can lead to a maximum dipole field of around 16 T. High-temperature superconductors such as REBCO can, in principle, generate higher dipole fields but significant challenges exist for both conductor and magnet technology. To address these challenges, several critical research needs, including direct needs on instrumentation and measurements, are identified to push for the maximum dipole fields a REBCO accelerator magnet can generate. We discuss the research needs by reviewing the current results and outlining the perspectives for future technology development, followed by a brief update on the status of the technology development at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. We present a roadmap for the next decade to develop 20 T-class REBCO accelerator magnets as an enabling instrument for future energy-frontier accelerator complex.

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Section: How To Determine the Performance Of A Long Multi-tape Rebco mentioning

confidence: 88%

Dipole Magnets above 20 Tesla: Research Needs for a Path via High-Temperature Superconducting REBCO Conductors

2019

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“…The co-wound armor provides stress management at both cable level and winding level, and makes possible layer-winding of a high-field toroid. Layer-winding makes it possible to reduce by half the quantity of expensive REBCO tape, and to achieve an overall winding current density of ~100 A/mm 2 , meeting the requirement for net fusion power in the analysis of Menard [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blocks-in-Conduit: REBCO Cable for a 20T@20K Toroid for Compact Fusion Tokamaks

McIntyre

Rogers

Sattarov

2021

IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.

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Blocks-in-Conduit is a novel approach to cable, coil, and splice technologies with unique benefits for a high-current-density toroid D winding to operate at 20 T, 20 K. Blocks of REBCO tape are cabled in conduit, with a thin-wall center-tube spring that provides transposition, stress management at the cable level, and cross-flow cooling of a thick-coil toroid winding. The coil technology utilizes a co-wound armor structure that integrates stress management and cross-flow cooling and bypasses coil stress to protect the BIC. An interleaved splice joint enables low-resistance demountable splices of the windings. These provisions yield maximum current density in the winding pack, maximum stability of the REBCO tape blocks, and minimum conductor cost for a tokamak toroid.

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“…For example ARC [27] aims to use plasma parameters in the existing experiments rage, and transfer some of the challenge to the attainment of high field magnets. STs [90][91][92] innovate to address remote maintenance challenges, some stellarator options focus on less challenging superconducting magnet technology at expense of lower field [93,94].…”

Section: Integrating In the Presence Of Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a fusion power plant: integration of physics and technology

Morris

Akers

Cox

et al. 2022

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

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A fusion power plant can only exist with physics and technology acting in synchrony, over space (angstroms to tens of metres) and time (femtoseconds to decades). Recent experience with the European DEMO programme has shown how important it is to start integration early, yet go deep enough to uncover the integration impact, favourable and unfavourable, of the detailed physical and technological characteristics. There are some initially surprising interactions, for example, the fusion power density links the properties of materials in the components to the approaches to waste and remote maintenance in the context of a rigorous safety and environment regime. In this brief tour of a power plant based on a tokamak we outline the major interfaces between plasma physics and technology and engineering considering examples from the European DEMO (exhaust power handling, tritium management and plasma scenarios) with an eye on other concepts. We see how attempting integrated solutions can lead to discoveries and ways to ease interfaces despite the deep coupling of the many aspects of a tokamak plant. A power plant’s plasma, materials and components will be in new parameter spaces with new mechanisms and combinations; the design will therefore be based to a significant extent on sophisticated physics and engineering models making substantial extrapolations. There are however gaps in understanding as well as data – together these are termed “uncertainties”. Early integration in depth therefore represents a conceptual, intellectual and practical challenge, a challenge sharpened by the time pressure imposed by the global need for low carbon energy supplies such as fusion. There is an opportunity (and need) to use emerging transformational advances in computational algorithms and hardware to integrate and advance, despite the “uncertainties” and limited experimental data. We use examples to explore how an integrated approach has the potential to lead to consistent designs that could also be resilient to the residual uncertainties. The paper may stimulate some new thinking as fusion moves to the design of complete power plants alongside an evolving and maturing research programme.

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Compact steady-state tokamak performance dependence on magnet and core physics limits

Cited by 34 publications

References 69 publications

Dipole Magnets above 20 Tesla: Research Needs for a Path via High-Temperature Superconducting REBCO Conductors

Dipole Magnets above 20 Tesla: Research Needs for a Path via High-Temperature Superconducting REBCO Conductors

Blocks-in-Conduit: REBCO Cable for a 20T@20K Toroid for Compact Fusion Tokamaks

Towards a fusion power plant: integration of physics and technology

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