Compact Rectifier Circuit Design for Harvesting GSM/900 Ambient Energy

Abstract

In this paper, a compact rectifier, capable of harvesting ambient radio frequency (RF) power is proposed. The total size of the rectifier is 45.4 mm × 7.8 mm × 1.6 mm, designed on FR-4 substrate using a single-stage voltage multiplier at 900 MHz. GSM/900 is among the favorable RF Energy Harvesting (RFEH) energy sources that span over a wide range with minimal path loss and high input power. The proposed RFEH rectifier achieves measured and simulated RF-to-dc (RF to direct current) power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 43.6% and 44.3% for 0 dBm input power, respectively. Additionally, the rectifier attained 3.1 V DC output voltage across 2 kΩ load terminal for 14 dBm and is capable of sensing low input power at −20 dBm. The work presents a compact rectifier to harvest RF energy at 900 MHz, making it a good candidate for low powered wireless communication systems as compares to the other state of the art rectifier.

A Dual-Band Ambient Energy Harvesting Rectenna Design for Wireless Power Communications

“…The design of the proposed dual-band inverted-F monopole antenna is achieved from the concept of transmission line theory [5], [40]- [24]. Initially, a 3 mm rectangular folded slot resonating at 0.9 GHz is added to the design.…”

“…The battery life cycle and the cost of maintenance and replacement [3] are the main challenges of the current lowpowered devices [4]. The availability of electromagnetic (EM) energy from the transceiver base station (BS) and the corresponding wireless devices makes the RFEH system an additional energy source [5]- [6]. The principle of EM energy transformation dates back to Tesla's experiments in the early 20th century [7]- [8].…”

“…The RF ambient power density picks by the RFEH antenna is considerably small. Hence, designing an RF harvester with effective RF-to-dc PCE is quite challenging [5]- [11], [13]- [14]. The authors in [15] proposed a single band rectifier with a 6-stage voltage multiplier using Villard topology at 900 MHz.…”

Diode physical-limit-bandwidth efficient rectification

“…In the last few decades, high conversion e ciency single-band and dual-band recti ers for both low power and high power have been investigated and reported [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] . Simultaneously, WPT and EH elds are evolved targeting system architectures with multiple frequencies multi-transmitter and receiver.…”

Diode physical-limit-bandwidth efficient rectification

“…In the last few decades, high conversion e ciency single-band and dual-band recti ers for both low power and high power have been investigated and reported [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] . Simultaneously, WPT and EH elds are evolved targeting system architectures with multiple frequencies multi-transmitter and receiver.…”