Compact phased arrays for mobile terminals

Electronic Beam Steering and Polarization Agile Planar Antennas in Liquid Crystal Technology

“…The antenna proposed in this work provides 2D beam steering capability since each delay line can be biased individually. The antenna presented in [Bag+10] is also designed for a 2D beam steering application where the main beam is steered by using hybrid tracking technique. Therefore, the antenna profile is increased considerably.…”

“…To provide these services also for mobile terminals, phased arrays have been studied intensively [PZ02, DJ93, Mou+08] for military and industry ground station applications, including mobile terminals such as airborne [TTO91], ship borne [Gei+11] or automobiles [Bag+10].…”

“…Hence, different microwave materials, including flexible liquid crystal polymer [KPP08] and low temperature cofired ceramics (LTCC) [Gau+09], have been used to reduce the packaging cost and to improve the system integration of RF MEMS based antennas. Recently, the RF MEMS switches and a MMIC based low noise amplifier are combined in one block [Bag+09] and integrated into a Ku-band active phased array [Bag+10] for a cost-effective antenna production. Planar phased arrays can also be implemented by using tunable dielectrics.…”

New antenna topologies for 5G communication systems

“…The option presented in this section is dividing the antenna into passive subarrays, with the minimum possible losses, in order to drastically reduce the number of active integrated circuits like amplifiers or phase shifters [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Some phase control is needed at the radiating element level and one of the problems is how to obtain information about the losses added in these situations.…”

Reconfigurable phased array antennas with RF-MEMS on a PCB substrate

“…Many of the geostationary satellites that work in the Ku-band with downlink frequencies of around 11.7 to 12.75 GHz, provide wide broadband communication channels and deliver different kinds of multimedia services [1]. Consequently, Ku-band has been extensively used for land fixed terminals especially in urban areas, but its application over mobile land terminals has been less exploited.…”