Compact and Low-Profile Linear-/Circular-Polarization Dielectric Resonator Antennas With Extended Bandwidths

Abstract

The dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) with wide bandwidth, compact size and low profile is considered as an attractive candidate for 5G wireless communications. However, most of the reported DRAs either have bulky volumes or have limited bandwidths. In this paper, a kind of compact and low-profile DRA with extended bandwidth is proposed. By observing the E-field distribution differences between the two target modes and modifying the dielectric characteristics (such as material and dimension) of the designated region where the E-field is very weak for fundamental TE 111 mode but quite strong for high-order TE 131 mode, the frequency of TE 131 mode can be significantly affected and shifted down to merge with that of TE 111 mode which is less affected. As a result, extended operating bandwidth can be obtained. This technique also benefits from not having to enlarge the planar size of the high permittivity DR, therefore making the antenna compact enough for 5G beam-scanning and low profile applications. For demonstration, linear-and circular-polarization antenna prototypes were designed and measured. The LP antenna has a −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 17.3% and a peak gain of 7.1 dBi while the CP antenna achieves a 3-dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of 12% and a peak gain of 6.6 dBic. Both the antennas have compact volumes of no larger than 0.35λ 0 × 0.35λ 0 × 0.11λ 0 . Based on the LP and CP antenna elements, two 1 × 5 antenna arrays with the capability of beam scanning are designed and simulated. Wide scanning angles of ±45 • and ±40 • can be obtained for the LP and CP arrays, respectively.

Compact Dielectric Resonator Antenna With Improved Bandwidth via Loading of Metal Ring

“…In [15] [16], the DRA mode and the shorting-pin mode [15] or aperture mode [16] are skillfully combined to enhance the bandwidth with a height of ~0.1λ0. In [24], a lower-profile DRA (0.07λ0) with extended bandwidth by properly modifying the dielectric characteristics of the designated region is presented. However, the obtained impedance bandwidths of these designs are not wide enough.…”

“…In addition to the methods mentioned above, using higherorder modes of the DR can also expand the bandwidth of the DRAs [21]- [26]. In [21]- [24], the higher-order mode of the cylindrical DRA (HEM113 mode) [21] [23] or rectangular DRA (TE113 y mode [22] or TE131 mode [24]) was utilized and can be moved in proximity to its fundamental mode by finely-tuning the geometric parameters of the DR, thus achieving an improved bandwidth by merging these two resonance modes. However, these designs have a limited increment in bandwidth as only one higher-order mode is utilized.…”

Advanced Dielectric Resonator Antenna Technology for 5G and 6G Applications

“…For conventional PAA architectures, most designs aim to fulfill wide-beam capabilities [ 36 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 ], with their maximum scan range ( ) reaching up to . Another design approach involves the use of pattern-reconfigurable antennas with active phase-shifting circuits embedded within each radiating element to enable beam shaping and achieve wide steering angles [ 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 ].…”