Compact and Low-Loss V-Band Waveguide Phase Shifter Based on Glide-Symmetric Pin Configuration

Abstract

This paper presents a compact and low-loss V-band waveguide phase shifter based on glidesymmetric pin configuration. This kind of higher symmetry permits the control and improvement of the electromagnetic behavior or radiofrequency devices, as it is the case of the proposed phase shifter. The study of the dispersion diagram of the phase shifter unitary cell demonstrates that the pin configuration is a proper option for introducing a phase shift in a waveguide-based system. There is a significant increase in terms of phase shift when using a glide-symmetric pin distribution compared to its corresponding nonglide-symmetric configuration. Through this paper, the key geometrical parameters are also determined. The complete phase shifter is composed of an optimized cascade of tailored unitary cells so that the desired final phase shift value is achieved. A prototype has been manufactured in order to validate the theoretical approach through the comparison of phased shifters with both non-glide-symmetric and glide-symmetric configurations. The measurement results demonstrate the higher performance and compactness of the glidesymmetric phase shifter. For the same distance, the glide-symmetric version of the phase shifter provides more than 60% of phase shifting compared to the non-glide-symmetric phase shifter. Both phase shifters have a good impedance matching between 46 and 60 GHz and an insertion loss lower than 1 dB, thus clearly enabled as a 5G technology. INDEX TERMS Phase shifter, millimeter-wave, glide symmetry, gap waveguide.

Wave Propagation in Periodic Metallic Structures with Equilateral Triangular Holes

“…In passband operation, the modal phase constant (and then the equivalent refractive index of the mode) can easily be tuned by varying the geometry of the periodic lattice, leading to the design of miniaturized structures [13,14] and synthesis of low-loss ultra-wideband graded-index lenses. For example, Luneburg lenses have been reported to provide beam scanning in a wide angular region without pattern deterioration [7,11,15].…”

Variable High Precision Wide D-Band Phase Shifter

“…The PoC phase shifter is compared with previously published results in Table. I. In this table, fixed phase shifters [12] [14], discrete-state phase shifters [3] [11] and variable phase shifters [13] are included. This work exhibits the best compactness among these works.…”

“…2. One method to make it is inserting a dielectric fin [10], a metal fin [11] or an EBG structure [12] into the waveguide. The insertion depth of the fin determines the additional phase shifting in the waveguide as shown in Fig.…”

“…2(b) [3]. Another phase shifter based on waveguide rotation is introduced in [12]. In this phase shifter, several quarter-wavelength sections with iris corrugation are required as shown in Fig.…”

Parametric Design of a Class of Full-Band Waveguide Differential Phase Shifters

“…The combination of high return loss, small shift errors and large bandwidths in these structures requires a large number of corrugations, thus affecting the compactness and easy-machining concepts. Finally, metallic ridges synthetized with fins or pins following stepped or continuous profiles have emerged as the best solution for their electrical performance [10][11][12][13]. However, among these last DPSs, those implemented with pins or smoothed profiles are more challenging during their design stages and show a noticeable increase in mechanical complexity, resulting in higher costs.…”